Starting A Family Archives - Page 4 of 38

Apache is functioning normally

June 1, 2023 by Brett Tams

You might be asking yourself what the Jackson Five has to do with the Roth IRA five year rule for qualified withdrawals? I’m sad to say, “Absolutely nothing”. Other than then number “five”, of course. I just thought it was fitting with all the recent tributes to the King of Pop to have my own. Now that I have your attention…..

The basics of the Roth IRA include the phrase “Tax Free Money”. That phrase makes the Roth IRA the most attractive retirement planning tool of our time. When it comes to the intricacies of the Roth IRA, in regards to how it works, some confusion can set in. One provision of the Roth IRA that can leave many scratching their heads is the Roth IRA Distributions Rules For Withdrawals: 5 year rule.

The Five Year Rule pertains to when you can take qualified distributions from your Roth IRA tax and penalty free. Nobody wants to pay tax and penalties, right? That’s why it’s important to know how the Roth IRA withdraw rule works. Just to add more fun to the mix, you need to first know that there are two sets of Five Year rules. One pertains to Roth IRA contributions and the other pertains to Roth IRA conversions. We’ll begin with Roth IRA contributions.

Withdrawal Rules on Roth IRA Contributions

In order for you to take money from the Roth IRA tax and penalty free, it has to be considered a “qualified distribution”. We’ll get to what the rules on qualified distribution are in one moment. First thing I need to remind you is that all contributions can be taken at any time, tax and penalty free. That means what you put into the Roth IRA (contribution) can be taken out the following day without consequence (not factoring sales charges and market risk).Let me illustrate:

Example 1

You open a Roth IRA at your bank and decide to put $5000 into a money market account inside the Roth. A month goes by and something happens where you need to withdraw your money. You can withdraw the original $5000 tax and penalty free. What has to stay is the earnings or, in this case, the interest that you made off the $5000 (which should be minimal considering you didn’t have it that long). Now keep in mind, the bank may charge you some cancellation fee of some kind, so read the fine print. But as far as the IRS is concerned, you are in the clear.

Example 2

Just to illustrate another side of the first example, let’s say this time you decide to invest at a brokerage firm and choose an investment more tied to the stock market. After a month goes by, your original $5000 investment now plummets to $3000. (I think a lot of people can relate to that). All you are allowed to withdraw is the $3000. That’s it! Sometimes that gets overlooked. Also, if you paid a sales charge or commission on that investment, that’s not being refunded to you either.

What is the Rule For Qualified Distributions on a Roth IRA?

What’s so important about a qualified distribution? If it’s deemed qualified, you then avoid taxes and the 10% early withdraw penalty. Taken directly from IRS pub 590 this defines what qualified distribution is:

A qualified distribution is any payment or distribution from your Roth IRA that meets the following rules. It is made after the 5-year period beginning with the first taxable year for which a contribution was made to a Roth IRA set up for your benefit, and the payment or distribution is:

Made on or after the date you reach age 59½
Made because you are disabled
Made to a beneficiary or to your estate after your death, or
One that meets the requirements listed under First home under Exceptions in chapter 1 (up to a $10,000 lifetime limit).

Remember that you have until April 15 of the following calendar year to make a Roth IRA contribution for any tax year. But the five year window begins January 1st of the actual tax year. Also, the five year window is based on when you made your first deposit. Meaning that a new five year window does not begin with each additional deposit. Is your head spinning? Let’s look at another example:

Example 3

You open a Roth IRA but don’t actually make your first contribution until April 10th, 2006. Your five year window would then begin on January 1st, 2005. If you didn’t make another deposit until 2008, your five year window is still based on the January 1st, 2005 date. Don’t forget that it’s Five Year rule plus one of the other factors (most likely 59 1/2) to get the money tax and penalty free.

Roth IRA Conversions

The Five Year Rule works a bit differently when it pertains to Roth IRA Conversions. The major difference is starting of a new five year window with each new conversion. Once you reach the age of 59 1/2 this isn’t much of an issue, but you still need to aware of this. Especially, if you haven’t had a Roth IRA open for at least five years. If so, the conversion amount will come out tax free, but the earnings are still subject to a five year holding period. Let’s look at another example:

Example 4

If you started a Roth IRA at age 50 with a contribution and then decide to convert at ages of 58, 59, and 60 respectively, you are immediately eligible to take all funds out tax and penalty free (even earnings) since you satisfied age and “any or “a” five year holding period in a Roth.

The above example is one what I wrestled with trying to find the answer and as it stands right now, that is the best interpretation of the rule that I’ve found.

Similar to Roth IRA contributions, the five year clock begins on January 1st of the year that you convert. The key difference is that the you must convert in the calendar year and not the tax year: before December 31st.

Converting has been difficult to qualify for a conversion since your adjusted gross income has to be less than $100,000. But as I’ve written about on more than one occasion, Roth conversion rules change slightly and the income limit is removed in 2010. Expect many to take advantage of this next year.

Keep it in Order: Rules For Taking out of Roth IRA

You have made it thus far- congratulations! We’re almost there. The last step that we have to address is the ordering rules for taking out withdrawals from your Roth IRA. This is important because of, once again, the taxes and penalties that might occur. According to the IRS, the order of a distribution from a Roth IRA is:

Regular Contributions – by considering the first money withdrawn from the account “regular contributions,” and not earnings, the IRS allows account holders to remove a portion of their accounts before the five-year rule applies.
Conversions – this is on a first-in, first-out basis. So the money placed into an account because of a conversion that occurred in 2008 would be removed before a conversion that occurred in 2009.
1. Taxable – the taxable portion of the conversion is removed first. This is the amount claimed as income because of the conversion.
2. Non-Taxable – this is the portion of the conversion not included in gross income.
Earnings – finally, the last money to be removed from an account are the earnings on the assets placed in the account.

Logically, it makes sense. The monies that you have paid taxes on will come out first tax and penalty free. After the contributions are taken out, just work down the list to see what you can or cannot take. Still confused? This is where a CPA or a Certified Financial Planner can assist you computing the numbers for you.

Required Minimum Distributions and Roth IRA

One last note when doing conversions and you are over the age of 70 1/2. Since you are the IRS magic age to begin required minimum distributions, those distributions can’t be converted to a Roth IRA. In the year you wish to convert, you must first withdraw your required distribution, and then you can convert any or all remaining funds to a Roth. This is only if you do a full conversion. If you are looking to do a Roth IRA conversion at the beginning of the year, but postpone your RMD; then you’ll want to do a partial conversion and leave at least the amount of the RMD in the IRA. Be sure to double check with your IRA custodian to see what their policy is on the matter of RMD’s and converting. Keep in mind that in 2009 RMD’s are suspended, so that would not apply. It will continue as scheduled in 2010.

Source: goodfinancialcents.com

Apache is functioning normally

June 1, 2023 by Brett Tams

In recent years, the use of Deferred Compensation Plans has grown considerably. This is largely due to the current job market … employers are looking for new ways to appeal to and retain skilled employees. Looking at new ways to approach employee benefits is one way to work toward accomplishing that. Make sure you read your employee handbook and completely understand the rules of your deferred compensation plan.

What are Deferred Compensation Plans?

In the simplest terms, a Deferred Compensation Plan allows an owner or an employee to set aside a portion of their income to be paid out at a future date. These plans are broken down into two basic categories: Qualified and Non-Qualified plans. Each type of plan holds certain advantages, but the major difference between them is in the way the plans are taxed by the IRS.

Non-Qualified Plans

In a non-qualified plan, the employer does not receive tax deductions until the time when the employee’s benefits have been paid out … and at that time the benefits are taxable to the employee. On the plus side, setting up a non-qualified plan is generally less expensive. Also, employer contributions are not limited and these plans do not have substantial reporting or filing regulations.

Qualified Plans

In a qualified plan, reporting requirements are more significant, highly paid employees may be prohibited from participating, and the amount an employer may contribute is limited. However, qualified plans include benefits that are allowed to mature tax-deferred until they are dispersed. Additional tax deferral may be possible as well, because qualified plans are commonly eligible for rollover to an IRA or other (qualified) plan.

Which Deferred Compensation Plan is Best?

Well, that’s a tricky question. Although tax deferral is generally thought of as a benefit, it could be a disadvantage if an employee’s tax rate has increased before compensation has been paid out. However, if tax rates do not rise (or if they drop), a well-compensated employee is almost always likely to benefit by deferring a portion of their income.

Tax rates are a major factor to consider when contemplating a Deferred Benefit Plan, and there are other aspects to consider as well. The best thing to do is speak with a qualified financial professional who can take a look at your unique situation and help you to determine if setting up a Deferred Benefit Plan will be a good move for you.

Vesting

Most deferred compensation plans will have some sort of vesting schedule. I once had a very attractive deferred comp plan, but the only hitch was that it had a 9 year vesting schedule. This is commonly referred to as “golden handcuffs“. It’s a nice benefit, but makes it a much tougher decision if you are ever faced with a attractive offer elsewhere. Be sure you understand all the rules when it comes to your deferred comp plan.

Source: goodfinancialcents.com

Apache is functioning normally

May 31, 2023 by Brett Tams

The Traditional IRA and its offshoots (SEP, SIMPLE, rollover and Roth IRAs) play a leading role in helping millions of U.S. taxpayers invest for retirement. However, many IRA owners are unaware of the opportunity they have to consolidate their multiple IRAs by using a “Super IRA” strategy (most common is a rollover 401k).

An IRA consolidation strategy can lead to reduced fees and increased buying power. I’ve had several instances where an individual has had several old retirement plans from previous employers. That has included defined benefit plans, 401k’s, TSP’s, 403b’s and Keough plans. The paperwork alone was cumbersome, and consolidating has made tremendous sense.

If you like this article, please be sure to also check out 401k Tips: What Not To Do, Rollover IRAs Offer a Wide Range of Benefits, 7 Things To Know About The 2010 Roth IRA Conversion

IRA Consolidation Case Study

The following is a common scenario involving a worker (Patrick) who has changed jobs several times throughout his career. He has been diligent about saving for retirement, but his assets are scattered. An IRA consolidation strategy is suggested, and the section concludes with a three-step action plan for investors like Patrick.

Patrick’s Profile:

Frequent job changer, age 62, is approaching retirement.
He has lost track of his numerous retirement savings arrangements.
He turns to his advisor for help with simplifying his financial affairs.

During his career, Patrick has accumulated various retirement accounts but has lost track of the status of each. He is 62 years old and is thinking of retiring from his current job. He has three retirement plans with former employers [a profit sharing plan, a target benefit plan and a 403(b) plan], four Traditional IRAs, a SIMPLE IRA, two Roth IRAs, an Individual(k) plan he established when he owned his own business, and a Thrift Savings Plan he now has as an employee of the federal government.

He is also the beneficiary of his deceased wife’s nonqualified deferred compensation plan and her Traditional IRA. In an effort to simplify his life, he turns to his financial planner for help. This is a strong case for implementing the “Super IRA” consolidation strategy.

How to implement the Super IRA Consolidation strategy

Step 1: Understand the Rules

A person who owns multiple SEP IRAs and Traditional IRAs can combine them into one “Super IRA” at any time.
If the person also owns a SIMPLE IRA, he or she can transfer or roll it to a “Super IRA” after participating in the SIMPLE IRA plan for at least two years. The two-year period begins when the first SIMPLE IRA plan contribution is made to the individual’s SIMPLE IRA.
A “Super IRA” can receive ongoing SEP plan contributions and annual Traditional IRA contributions.
Ongoing SIMPLE IRA plan contributions must first be contributed to the participant’s SIMPLE IRA. If the individual has participated in the SIMPLE IRA plan for at least two years, he or she can transfer or roll over the SIMPLE IRA into one “Super IRA.” (Note: special rollover rules may apply.)
A “Super IRA” can receive rollovers of eligible assets from all types of qualified retirement plans [e.g., 401(k) plans, profit sharing plans, defined benefit plans, etc.], 403(b) plans, 403(a) plans and governmental 457(b) plans.
A Roth IRA cannot be transferred or rolled over into a “Super IRA.” Multiple Roth IRAs can be combined to create a “Super Roth IRA.” Under the Pension Protection Act of 2006, effective in 2008, participants in qualified plans, 403(b) plans and governmental 457(b) plans can directly roll over eligible plan assets to Roth IRAs if conversion rules are satisfied.
Spouse beneficiaries of qualified plans and SEP, Traditional and SIMPLE IRAs generally can consolidate their inherited accounts into their own “Super IRA.”

Step 2: Consider the Potential Benefits of a “Super IRA” Strategy

Increased buying power, which allows for more sophisticated investment strategies
One fee vs. multiple fees
Simplified investment tracking
Beneficiary organization and consolidation
Consistent service
Streamlined paperwork
Simplified retirement income planning

Step 3: Work With Your Advisor

Investors should work with their advisors to determine whether a “Super IRA” asset consolidation strategy makes sense for them.

In our scenario, Patrick’s planner asks him the following key questions:

Do you have the most recent statements from each of your retirement accounts?
What type of investments do the plans hold?
Are any of your retirement plans invested in employer securities?
Is your goal to consolidate your accounts as much as possible?
How long has it been since you first participated in the SIMPLE IRA plan?

Patrick’s goal is to consolidate as many of his retirement accounts as he can into one “Super IRA.” He obtains copies of his most recent retirement account statements to review with his advisor. He first participated in the SIMPLE IRA plan a year and a half ago. He does not hold employer securities as a plan investment.

After reviewing the statements, Patrick and his planner determine he could combine the following retirement accounts into a “Super IRA”:

Profit sharing plan
Target benefit plan
403(b) plan
Five Traditional IRAs (the four he owns outright and his inherited IRA)
Individual(k) plan

In another six months (two years after first participating in the SIMPLE IRA plan), he could transfer or rollover that balance to his “Super IRA” as well. Patrick cannot combine his two Roth IRAs into his “Super IRA,” although he could consolidate them into one “Super Roth IRA.” And he cannot roll over the nonqualified deferred compensation plan. Although he could combine the plans as outlined above into one “Super IRA,” it would be best for Patrick and his planner to carefully examine the types of investments currently held by the various plans to see if a rollover is the wisest course of action from a taxation standpoint.

For example, special tax rules apply to distributions of employer securities from qualified retirement plans. This would be case of NUA or Net Unrealized Appreciation. Keep in mind, a consolidation strategy may not always be suitable. An advisor, or a tax or legal professional, can help identify the best course of action to incorporate the best investment services.

Source: goodfinancialcents.com

Apache is functioning normally

May 30, 2023 by Brett Tams

Over the weekend while attending my town’s Friday night football game, I struck up a conversation with an acquaintance of mine, and we started talking about the market. The fellow I was talking about was a believer in the market, and knew that the current crisis that we are in would eventually pass, and the market would continue to strive as it usually does. What he found most peculiar was with some of the sediments of his fellow co-workers, who were participating in the 401k. His co-worker’s belief was that with the market being as bad as they were, they were going to no longer defer to their 401k, and refrain from taking advantage of the pre-tax contributions into their retirement plan. They were giving up free money! He was stunned by his co-worker’s remarks, and as equally as I, and compared that to a conversation that I had, with some other workers from another local employer. It prompted me to write this blog in regards in to things you should not do when it comes to your 401k.

1. Do not stop contributing to your 401k no matter what.

Just because the markets are down does not mean you should not contribute. In fact if there was a time ever to contribute, this would be the time. The simplest reasons is that right now despite the market’s turmoils, currently the market is at a discount, and what that means is that there are a lot of great companies that exist out there, that are currently “on sale”. This is a time to buy stocks, at a cheap price in hopes to benefit from the appreciation in later years. This strategy can also be called dollar cost averaging, which means as long as you are contributing on a consistent or periodic basis, you’ll take advantage of buying shares at a lower price in down markets, and compare that to buying shares at a higher price in up markets, which should then all balance out for a dollar cost average.

If the market has you completely terrified, then consider changing all future contributions to short or intermediate bonds. At least that way you’re money is making a little interest while the market tries to figure itself out.

2. Do not put all of your 401k into the money market.

While I understand the disbelief in the markets right now to where you want to shift all of your money into the money market, by doing this would be a great mistake. If you believe that making money in the market is to buy low and sell high, then by shifting your money into the money market from your other investments, it would be the exact opposite; buying high and selling low. If you’ve seen your 401k depreciate in the last several months, the only way to get that back is by staying exactly where you’re at. Now, I understand for those nearing retirement, that this can be a compromising situation, but if you visit the rule of 72, meaning that you take 72 divided by the interest rate on your investments, and that will tell you how long it will take to double your money. That also, too, will give you an indicator how long it will take you to recoup the losses that you have incurred. By shifting to the money market, chances are, you are making somewhere in the 2% interest rate, which means it would take you almost 20 to 30 years just to double your money, and to recoup your other money that you’ve lost, would be a great time.

3. Do not borrow against your 401k.

This can be said in an up market or down market, but I had to throw it in there. Borrowing against your 401k is never advisable, especially in a down market. Look to start an emergency fund of some kind so that you can have that to fall back on in case of an emergency. If you don’t have an emergency fund, start one now. There’s no sense in contributing to your 401k if you have to pull it out just pay the bills.

Source: goodfinancialcents.com

Apache is functioning normally

May 30, 2023 by Brett Tams

How much do you need to retire? The usual suggestion provided by financial planners and retirement calculators is 75% to 85% (roughly 80%) of your pre-retirement income. But is that really enough money to retire with security? Does the 80% rule-of-thumb work under all circumstances, or is it merely a rough approximation to simplify the retirement planning process? Let’s examine these issues more closely…

Is 80% Of Pre-Retirement Spending A Realistic Budget?

The basis for the 80% spending rule is that your living expenses are expected to decline once you retire thus your spending should decrease without forcing you to lower your lifestyle. For example, you’ll no longer need to purchase expensive professional clothing and your transportation costs will drop without a daily commute to work. Additionally, your children will probably be grown and out of the house, and you will no longer have to fund your retirement savings. You may even have your home paid in full thus eliminating your mortgage payment and you may be in a lower tax bracket. All these factors indicate your spending should drop during retirement.

Unfortunately, the issue is not as clear as it might appear on the surface. The analysis above assumes certain types of spending will decrease while all other spending remains the same. That is not realistic. For example, many new retirees like to hit the open road and see the world thus increasing their travel budgets. Similarly, it is the rare retiree who does not face rising health care costs.

In short, the 80% rule of thumb is a generalization designed to simplify the retirement planning process at the expense of accuracy. It makes many assumptions about your future that may not be true for you. It is no substitute for making a real budget based on your actual plans for retirement, and it could actually jeopardize your financial security. To make this point clear we will examine five reasons why your expenses may actually increase during retirement instead of decrease…

Longer And More Active Retirements

People are living longer and more active retirement lifestyles than ever before. Increasing longevity has made 60 the new 40. If you plan an early retirement so you can sail around the world or take frequent wine-tasting trips to France and Italy, the cost of those leisure activities and travel can easily offset any decrease in work-related expenses. Alternatively, if you are planning an early retirement it will mean you need more money to support a longer life of leisure. A longer retirement means you can’t spend as much investment principal each month, and a more active retirement means you need more savings and income to support a more expensive lifestyle.

Health Care In Retirement

Health care costs have risen steadily and there is every reason to believe that trend will continue. Additionally, your chances of serious illness or need for expensive medications increases with age. A single medical event can be devastating to your retirement savings if you are not prepared, and if you don’t have long term care insurance then assisted living or nursing home expenses can deplete your retirement savings.

Other Ways Expenses Could Rise

Maybe you haven’t paid off your house, or possibly you took out a home equity loan to remodel. The 80% rule-of-thumb assumes you no longer support dependents, but you may still be paying a child’s college expenses. Alternatively, you might be caring for an aging parent who is living in your home. These expenses certainly won’t go away just because you retire.

Lower Taxes May Be Wrong

The assumption that your taxes will drop during retirement could be totally incorrect. After all, if your retirement income level is similar to pre-retirement income then where will the tax relief come from? In addition, growing budget deficits at all levels of government combined with entitlement program problems indicates a greater likelihood of rising tax rates rather than falling tax rates. In short, the idea that your tax rate will decrease during retirement may turn out to be just the opposite.

Spending Statistics Misrepresent Real Spending

Many research studies have been conducted on the spending patterns of the elderly. One of the more famous studies comes from Ty Bernicke in the Journal of Financial Planning where he cites numbers from the U.S. Department of Labor’s Consumer Expenditure Survey indicating that retirees spend less as they age. A typical 75-year-old spends about half as much as the average 45-to-54-year-old. Overall, spending declines about 25% each decade from age 55 to 75.

This appears to be conclusive evidence that spending does in fact decline with age during retirement; however, there are a couple of major flaws in the research. The first problem results from these figures failing to include long term care costs. You can solve that problem with insurance but there is no solution to the next problem…

Bernicke’s analysis was based on a snapshot in time thus it only compares nominal dollar spending and does not adjust for inflation. In other words, it compares the spending habits of a 75 year old today to the spending habits of a 45 year old on the same day. It does not track a 45 year old over a period of 30 years to determine if their spending decreases with time as the study would imply. Instead, it compares the two different groups at a single point in time.

The problem with this approach is it fails to adjust spending for inflation. A mere 3% inflation will double spending in just 25 years which will more than offset the expected reduction claimed by Bernicke’s research. In fact, it could potentially cause an increase in spending – contrary to what his research would imply.

A More Accurate Approach For Determining How Much Money You Need To Retire

In summary, you would be wise to forget the oversimplified rules of thumb when trying to figure out how much money to retire. Your financial security is at stake and you deserve better. Instead, it is far more prudent to develop a realistic budget for your retirement spending based on your actual retirement plans. You don’t have to make it perfect because nobody can predict the future, but you do want to make it as accurate as you can.

A personal budget for retirement is necessary because your life situation is unique. Only you know the financial situation facing your maturing children and aging parents that might affect your budget. Only you know about your globetrotting plans to travel the world for a decade or two before slowing down. That means you will need to add that expense into your budget for a decade or two before removing it. If you have long term care insurance then add the premiums as an expense into your budget, and if you don’t then build a cushion into your savings for self-insurance. In short, develop a plan for retirement and then develop a budget to reflect your plan.

When you complete the budgeting process you may be happily surprised to learn you only need 60% of pre-retirement income making you better off than expected – or your dreams could require 140% of pre-retirement income causing a challenge. This is key to your financial security because the difference between these two numbers can either break the back of your retirement savings or make a meager nest egg look plentiful. Because the range of outcomes is so wide and the stakes are so high, the only realistic solution is to replace the rule of thumb with a carefully developed retirement budget based on your unique needs to figure out how much you really need for retirement.

It is the only prudent thing to do.

About The Author

Todd R. Tresidder is a financial coach who blogs about retirement planning, wealth building and investment strategy. He wrote the book How Much Money Do I Need To Retire teaching you how to overcome the hidden problems behind retirement calculators that threaten your financial security.

Source: goodfinancialcents.com

Apache is functioning normally

May 30, 2023 by Brett Tams

The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics estimates that Americans change jobs about 10 times between the ages of 18 and 42. If job changers had a 401k account at just half of those positions, it would represent a significant money management challenge: multiple redundant investment portfolios and a mountain of account statements and investment documentation to sort through.

One flexible solution to simplify the task is to consolidate assets under a single account umbrella via a 401k rollover to IRA. Offered by many financial institutions, the rollover IRA can help you streamline your investments into a unified asset allocation plan. (Remember: In addition to 401k’s, this could also include 403b’s, 457’s, Pension Plans, Simple and SEP IRA’s)

If you enjoyed this article be sure to check out: How to Rollover Your 401k into a Roth IRA, Consolidate Retirement Assets with a Super IRA, How to do an In-Service 401k Distribution While You’re Still Working.

401k to Rollover IRAs Offer a Wide Range of Benefits

As compared with employer-sponsored retirement accounts, a rollover IRA can provide a broader range of investment choices and greater flexibility for distribution planning. Consider the following benefits rollover IRAs offer over employer-sponsored plans:

Simplified investment management. You can use a single rollover IRA to consolidate assets from more than one retirement plan. For example, if you still have money in several different retirement plans sponsored by several different employers, you can transfer all of those assets into one convenient rollover IRA.
More freedom of choice, control. Using a rollover IRA to manage retirement assets after leaving a job or retiring is a strategy that’s available to everyone. And depending on the financial institution that provides the rollover IRA, you could have a wide array of investment choices at your disposal to help meet your unique financial goals. As the IRA account owner, you develop the precise mix of investments that best reflects your own personal risk tolerance, investment philosophy and financial goals.
More flexible distribution provisions. While Internal Revenue Service distribution rules for IRAs generally require IRA account holders to wait until age 59½ to make penalty-free withdrawals, there are a variety of provisions to address special circumstances. These provisions are often broader and easier to exploit than employer plan 401k hardship withdrawal rules.
Valuable estate planning features. IRAs are more useful in estate planning than employer-sponsored plans. IRA assets can generally be divided among multiple beneficiaries, each of whom can make use of planning structures such as the stretch IRA concept to maintain tax-advantaged investment management during their lifetimes.In addition, IRS rules now allow individuals to roll assets from a company-sponsored retirement account into a Roth IRA, further enhancing the estate planning aspects of an IRA rollover. By comparison, beneficiary distributions from employer-sponsored plans are generally taken in lump sums as cash payments.

Efficient Rollovers Require Careful Planning

There are two ways to execute a 401k Rollover to IRA — directly or indirectly. It’s important you understand the difference between the two, because there could be some tax consequences and additional hurdles if you aren’t careful. With a direct rollover, the financial institution that runs your former employer’s retirement plan simply transfers the money straight into your new rollover IRA. There are no taxes, penalties or deadlines for you to worry about.

With an indirect rollover, you personally receive money from your old plan and assume responsibility for depositing that money from the 401k into a rollover IRA. In this instance, you would receive a check representing the value of the assets in your former employer’s plan, minus a mandatory 20% federal tax withholding. You can avoid paying taxes and any penalties on an indirect rollover if you deposit the money into a new rollover account within 60 days.

You’ll still have to pay the 20% withholding tax and potential penalties out of your own pocket, but the withholding tax will be credited when you file your regular income tax, and any excess amount will be refunded to you. If you owe more than 20%, you’ll need to come up with the additional payment when you file your tax return.

Potential Downsides of IRA Rollovers

While there are many advantages to consolidated IRA rollovers, there are some potential drawbacks to keep in mind. Assets greater than $1 million in an IRA may be taken to satisfy your debts in certain personal bankruptcy scenarios. Assets in an employer-sponsored plan cannot be readily taken in many circumstances.

Also, with a traditional IRA rollover, you must begin taking distributions by April 1 of the year after you reach 70½ whether or not you continue working, but employer-sponsored plans do not require distributions if you continue working past that age. (Roth IRAs do not require the owner to take distributions during his or her lifetime.)

Remember, the laws governing retirement assets and taxation are complex. In addition, there are many exceptions and limitations that may apply to your situation. Before making any decisions, consider talking to a financial advisor who has experience helping people structure retirement plans.

Source: goodfinancialcents.com

Apache is functioning normally

May 29, 2023 by Brett Tams

When it comes to retirement planning, the term “pension” is becoming almost archaic. According to the Office of National Statistics (ONS) only 35% of workers in the private sector paid into a company pension fund last year. Most employers have adopted 401k plans and put the responsibility on the employee’s shoulders to take care of funding their own retirement. While having control can be a blessing, it can also be a double-edged sword. Especially, for those that don’t take the time to fully understand all of their investment options. For those people, there just might be a solution. It’s called the DB(k) pension plan and here are the rules on how it works.

401(k) Match + Pension Plan = DB(k)

What exactly is a DB(k) pension plan? Essentially, it combines the benefits of an income stream of a pension with the matching of a 401(k) plan. Many boomers that still have pensions, love them because they know they have an income stream that they can depend on. The DB(k) offers the luxury of that stable income with a matching contribution to boot. Might be the closest example of having your cake and eating it too when it comes to retirement planning.

DB(k)s Could Be Popular to Employees

Many small businesses will bypass a Simple IRA or a SEP IRA and go straight to the 401(k) plan purely because of name recognition. Employees like perks and a potential employer with a 401(k) plan with a match sounds much more attractive that a SEP IRA. The DB(k) has the potential to be the next household name of retirement plans. Most workers that I come across that have 401(k)’s don’t really understand them. Having a pension-style income like the one Mom and Dad had, may be a safer and less complicated solution.

Are DB(k) Plans Expensive for Employers?

It’s tough to say. With the recent adoption of these plans, it doesn’t seem that employers are rushing off to get these started. I’m sure the slumping economy is the largest barrier. For those companies that do start these, they most likely have a very good cash reserve. However, it isn’t as if a business is funding two retirement plans at once. In fact, any businesses that offer both defined benefit plans and 401(k) plans may unite them in this new option.

Less Paperwork Makes Everybody a Happy Camper

Companies with 2-500 employees are eligible to have DB(k)s pension plans. Where 401(k) plans must meet certain “testing requirements” for top-heavy rules, the DB(k) is exempt and with a plan document and one simple form 5500, your business is ready to rock and roll DB(k) style.

These plans are exempt from “top-heavy” rules, and a company can put one in place with just one Form 5500 and one plan document. The cost of the overall plan is the question. Being new plans, it’s hard to say, but based on most reports I’ve read the cost should be cheaper compared to having both a 401(k) and a pension plan.

Employee Benefits from DB(k) Plans

An income stream, an employer match and a really neat tool to save for retirement. In brief, the DB(k) has four compelling attributes:

Monthly Paycheck for Life. The income stream won’t replace an employee’s end salary, but it certainly will help. Employees that have worked for the company for a longer period of time are rewarded: the pension income equals either

a) 1% of final average pay times the number of years of service, or

b) 20% of that worker’s average salary during his or her five consecutive highest-earning years.

Automatic Enrollment for 401k. That employees save for the future by default. (They can choose to opt out.)
The company automatically directs 4% of a worker’s salary into his or her 401(k) account. The company also has to match 50% of that amount, which is vested upon the match. (Employees do have the choice to alter the contribution level up or down from 4%.)
It only takes three years for an employee to become fully vested in a DB(k) pension plan. So even if they leave the company, the money is theirs.

Is the DB(k) the Retirement Savior?

For now, it’s too tough to say. The strongest benefits I see is the ability to offer more to your key employees. If you’re able to offer a sweet retirement package, it may help retain and gather more productive and easier to manage staff.

Source: goodfinancialcents.com

Apache is functioning normally

May 29, 2023 by Brett Tams

My monthly Extraordinary Lives series is something that I really enjoying doing. First up was JP Livingston, who retired with a net worth over $2,000,000 at the age of 28. Today’s interview is with Jeremy, Winnie, and Julian, also known as the family behind Go Curry Cracker.

With the goal of traveling around the world, Jeremy and Winnie were in their 30s when they retired around six years ago. Their 3-year-old son travels with them and has already been to 29 countries as well!

They were able to do this by saving intensively – over 70% of their after-tax income.

In this interview, you’ll learn:

How they retired in their 30s.
What made them want to retire early.
How they live comfortably, rent houses with private pools, fly business class, and travel a ton – as opposed to the myth that early retirees are boring and just eat beans and rice to survive.
How they decided on the amount they needed to retire.
What they do about health insurance in early retirement.

And more! This interview is jam packed full of great information!

I asked you, my readers, what questions I should ask them, so below are your questions (and some of mine) about their story and how they accomplished so much. Make sure you’re following me on Facebook so you have the opportunity to submit your own questions for the next interview.

Related content:

1. Tell me your story. When did you retire and HOW?!

We are Jeremy, Winnie, and Julian, also known as the family behind Go Curry Cracker!

Winnie and I retired about six years ago with the goal of traveling the world. Traveling more in retirement is a pretty common goal, so I suppose the interesting bits are that we were still in our 30s and our 3-year-old son has now been to 29 countries.

What made our location and financially independent lifestyle possible was a decade of intensive saving – we were literally saving 70%+ of our after-tax income. Instead of buying stuff or experiences, we were investing in our future freedom.

Alas, we had already succumbed to some lifestyle inflation so we sold the house and moved into a small apartment, sold the car and started walking and riding bicycles, and turned our home kitchen into the best restaurant in town.

Unwinding lifestyle inflation is a huge mental challenge, but we both grew up on the edge of poverty so we had some experience with prioritizing purchases and finding solutions that didn’t require money. Nowadays, our investments pay all of our bills, and we could buy a house, buy a car, live a typical life… we just happen to not want those things.

Instead, for the past many years, we’ve basically spent the summer in Europe, autumn in the US, and winter in Asia. It’s not quite a perpetual summer vacation, but close.

2. Was early retirement always something you were striving for? What made you want to retire early?

Prior to 2002, we were both essentially following the normal life script – go to school, get good grades, get a job, etc… Maybe the only unconventional thing is I had student loan payoff as the #1 priority. Every story I heard about debt while growing up had a tragic ending, so I wanted to be debt free ASAP. I even cashed out all of my vacation time for five years or so to get extra pay. We also did crazy things like using 0% interest credit card offers to accelerate student loan payoff. Literally every extra penny went to the student loans.

When I finally got my head above water, I took a vacation, my first as an adult. After three weeks of scuba diving, fresh seafood, and tropical drinks, I looked back at where life in the real world was headed and thought, “This is it? This is the American Dream?”

Within six months the house and car were gone and the early retirement plan was underway.

3. Would you say that you live comfortably?

If by comfortably you mean do we rent houses with private pools, fly business class, and enjoy an occasional Michelin Star restaurant, then yeah, that sounds about right. Combined with 52 weeks of vacation per year and full autonomy, we are probably at an above average comfort level.

That may sound a little smug, for which I apologize, but I think it is important to truly understand the power of deferred consumption. We can only live as we do today because we didn’t live like this yesterday.

By living well beneath our means for just a small part of our total lifetimes (10 years +/-), something many would consider “uncomfortable”, we are now able to live well above the standards of even high-income households – just without the need to consume all of our waking hours with a high-income job.

In summary – yeah, life is good.

4. What career did you have before you retired? Did that career help you to retire earlier?

Winnie was a Program Manager for a large PC company, and I was an Engineer at a large software company.

I do wish we had those insane technology salaries that I sometimes hear about in the news, but our average combined income over our hardcore saving years was only about $135k. I guess I should have studied harder.

I think more than the job, my degree helped us retire early. I basically applied engineering principles to our finances and our lifestyle, trying to optimize for quality of life and low expenses. I then used that same mentality in designing our investment portfolio (100% index funds) and minimizing our taxes ($100k income with $0 income tax.) If I had studied art history or interior design, I probably would have thought about these things from an entirely different perspective, perhaps one that required more expensive furnishings.

5. What advice do you have for the average person that doesn’t make six figures a year who wants to retire early?

The core principle to follow is living well beneath your means, aiming for at least 50% savings rates. Or in 1950s parlance, live off one income and save the other. This recipe for financial success has worked for much of recorded history.

Of course, this is easier when making $100k than it is when making $10k, all else being equal.

For many average income households, it helps to change perspective:
It isn’t that we can’t afford to save 50%, it is that we can’t afford our current lifestyle.

This is where we were when we got started, and some tough choices are ahead… it is necessary to either earn more, spend less, or wait (much) longer. Or all 3.

For households with incomes well below average, such as our families when we were growing up, it is absolutely necessary to grow income. Public assistance can help for a while (I’ve eaten a fair amount of government cheese), but ultimately skill development and probably even relocation to a job center are necessary.

6. Do you still earn an income in retirement?

We do. With all of this free time, it is fairly difficult to NOT do something that brings in some extra cash.

Last year Winnie published her first book (in Mandarin / Chinese) which was on the bestseller list in Taiwan for a while. About three years ago, Go Curry Cracker accidentally started to earn some affiliate income. I now actually try to run the site as a business, but limit myself to just a few hours per week.

I also employ a pretty aggressive long-term tax minimization strategy, which saves us thousands of dollars every year in taxes. I suppose that can also be thought of as extra income. We’ve actually reported about $100k annual income each of the last five years with income tax bills of $0.

For anybody who is interested, I do publish our full income statements and tax returns (business and personal) every year (linked to above). A lot of people have found those helpful to optimize their own finances.

7. How did you decide how much you needed to retire?

We set a target to have an investment portfolio worth 25x our desired cost of living in Seattle, where we were living at the time, although we were spending much less to turbocharge our savings.

25x is just the standard 4% Rule, which (in oversimplified terms) says you can annually spend an inflation adjusted 4% of your portfolio, probably forever. So, say if you wanted to spend $40k/year, you would need $1 million. That was our minimum.

When we hit that target, Winnie stopped working, and I continued on for about three more years, during which we were just living off dividends, so we were essentially investing 100% of my paycheck.

We also wanted the portfolio to continue to grow so we could leave a bit of a legacy, so even after we stopped working, we wanted to continue living beneath our means. We did this by living large in Mexico and Guatemala rather than Paris or Tokyo. And as luck would have it, the stock market performance over the past five years has been pretty good, so our portfolio just continues to grow, and we can’t spend it fast enough.

8. What sacrifices or hard decisions did you have to make?

This may sound cliché, but I don’t think of anything we did as a sacrifice – we just employed a suggestion my grandmother used to make all the time, “Hey there, you hold onto your britches now young man!” Roughly translated from the original Minnesotan, I think that means “slow down.” In other words, hold off on the lifestyle inflation for a while.

When people rush out to buy their dream house (with rented money) or a new car or a big vacation, they are sacrificing their future for immediate consumption. We just waited a little longer, and along the way we discovered that none of those trappings of success have any real meaning to us.

But of course, when society and advertisers are screaming at you that you need to consume and upgrade, it can be difficult to pause and reconsider. We avoided a lot of that by not owning a television and using the great outdoors for entertainment.

9. What do you do about health insurance in early retirement?

For many years, we were self-insured and just paid cash for any medical needs. We paid $3 for a doctor visit in Mexico, $20 for some dental care in Thailand, $50 for a chest X-ray in Taiwan, and $90 for a visit to the emergency room in Portugal. Medical tourism is your friend. What we weren’t spending on health insurance, we invested in more index funds, building our own healthcare fund.

If we were in the US, we would buy health insurance on the State or Federal Health Exchanges. The US health system is all kinds of messed up, so without insurance you are only one minor incident from total financial devastation.

As of about six months ago, we are now all covered by the Taiwan national health system, which is a single payer universal healthcare provider. We pay about $25/person/month for great coverage, which includes dental. (Hot tip: marry somebody from a country with a good health system.)

10. Will you be planning a place for your child to make long term friendships and connections? Do you plan to continue travel when your child is school age?

We like the idea of homeschooling up to age 10 or 12 or so, but we are still figuring it out. Even so, it probably won’t be all or nothing (Julian is enrolled part time in a Montessori pre-school now.)

The pros/cons of life-in-place vs nomadic living is such an interesting discussion for us, because we are inherently a global family (our nuclear families are spread across 2 countries, 3 States, and 6 cities) and despite our very different backgrounds, we independently concluded that the idea of “home” for us isn’t really a place.

Our thinking comes from our existing communities – Winnie grew up in a big city (Taipei), and she has friends from back in the 3rd grade who all have kids around the same age as Julian. When we are in Taiwan, we all get together and it is like they never missed a beat. It’s a beautiful thing.

I grew up in a small town in Minnesota, and 99% of my childhood / high-school friends and family moved away for college and career. There is literally no one place I can go where all long-term friendships and connections exist, and yet I have them, just spread around the world. It’s also a beautiful thing.

We try to get quality time with all of our family every year, which is much easier now that we don’t have jobs. 2 years ago, we had 4 generations together for a week on a lake, with Grandma, my parents, my sister and 2 brothers and spouses, and their 9 kids. This year we took my Mom and Grandma on an Alaska Cruise, and also spent a couple weeks with all of Julian’s cousins. Next year will be something special again, and we all stay in touch via Skype. We also plan on having more kids, which means sibling connections.

What we do will change and evolve as we learn more and figure things out, but overall, we’ll listen to our kids, make sure we have regular quality time with family, and stay connected with friends and family via Skype. And everywhere we go, we build community with friends, family, and other adventurers. I think it will be the same for the next generation.

11. What hardships come up when traveling with a child and what do you do about it?

The hardships of traveling with a child are largely the same as the hardships of parenting. Kids have needs and wants, and if they aren’t addressed in a timely fashion then chaos ensues. As with most things, an ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure – and even then, things go awry.

Where most families have to balance child rearing with a career and fixed schedules, we have a great deal of flexibility. Seldom are we schedule driven, and when we are (e.g. a flight departure time) we avoid other commitments. We also aren’t doing the quick 1 week vacation thing, with a lot of time getting from A to B and a whirlwind of tours and activities; that’s much too intense and exhausting. We are more so living our normal lives, just in different locations. We play at the park daily, take naps, explore by foot, and enjoy the local delicacies. If we are having too much fun at the park, we can always see the museum tomorrow. Somehow, we usually manage to see the highlights.

Since we aren’t always in one location with a regular schedule, we focus on having routine in the absence of routine. We have regular toys, regular nap time, and a bedtime ritual which involves a bath, songs, and books. Plus we all co-sleep, so we are together 24/7. It’s hard to provide a stronger sense of security than parental presence.

It all seems to be going well; Julian is a happy, healthy, normal kid. He loves being outside exploring, enjoys meeting new people, and is always ready for the next plane, train, or automobile.

12. If you were starting back in the beginning, what would you do differently from the beginning?

We made a lot of mistakes… buying a house, buying a car, spending money without a long-term plan, but I don’t know if I would change any of them. Those mistakes helped us grow and appreciate where we are today. For example, we are Renters for Life, but we probably wouldn’t really appreciate the total joy and financial advantages that come with not owning a deteriorating wooden box.

If I could go back in time and tell my younger self, “Hey, read this Go Curry Cracker blog, you’ll learn a lot!” we could probably have become Financially Independent 3 to 5 years earlier. That’s a lot, considering my entire career was only 16 years, but it’s not that that much in an 80 – 100 year life span.

But, what I would do differently:

invest only in index funds from the beginning
not waste my time dabbling in rental properties
always live within biking distance of work and prioritize biking and walking
always rent
learn to cook well sooner
start travel hacking sooner instead of paying for vacations

13. Lastly, what is your very best tip (or two) that you have for someone who wants to reach the same success as you?

Design your life so that saving a high percentage of income is the natural and ordinary outcome.

Aim for saving 50%+ of after-tax income, and minimize taxes

Do you have goals of retiring early?

Apache is functioning normally

May 29, 2023 by Brett Tams

When I worked for my old brokerage firm, I was a W-2 employee and the retirement plan options were simple. I had the 401k and could also do a Traditional or Roth IRA outside of it. Things changed a bit when I started my own company.

I officially became a small business owner and had man more choices on retirement plans. What options do hands-on owner-operators have and which one is the best for you? If you have a small company and want a retirement program, you want to consider these plan choices.

Traditional or Roth IRA

I know what you’re thinking. A traditional or Roth IRA isn’t exactly a “business retirement plan”. But, if you are self-employed or own a business, you can still take advantage of these retirement accounts. An IRA is an Individual Retirement Account and can be a great way to save for retirement while also taking advantage of tax benefits.

There are two types of IRAs: traditional and Roth. With a traditional IRA, you will make your contributions with pre-tax dollars, reducing your taxable income for the year. The money will then grow tax-free until you withdraw it in retirement, at which point all of the withdrawals are taxed as ordinary income. With a Roth IRA, you will make contributions with after tax dollars (reducing your take home pay). The money will still grow tax-free until you withdraw it in retirement, but the difference is that all of your withdrawals are tax free.

With either type of IRA, there are contribution limits and other rules you should be aware of before setting up an account. It’s also important to do research on different providers so you can find an IRA with low fees and good investment options.

Feature	Roth IRA	Traditional IRA
Tax Treatment	Contributions are made with after-tax dollars and grow tax-free. Distributions in retirement are tax-free.	Contributions are made with pre-tax dollars, reducing your taxable income. Distributions in retirement are taxed as ordinary income.
Income Limits	Contributions are limited based on income. In 2023, the phase-out range for single filers is $130,000-$145,000 and for married filers is $195,000-$205,000.	There are no income limits for contributions, but there are limits on tax deductions based on income and participation in an employer-sponsored retirement plan.
Required Minimum Distributions	Roth IRAs do not have required minimum distributions (RMDs) during the account owner’s lifetime.	Traditional IRAs have RMDs starting at age 72, which require the account owner to take a certain amount of money out of the account each year.
Early Withdrawals	Contributions can be withdrawn at any time without penalty. Earnings can be withdrawn penalty-free after age 59 1/2 and after 5 years of account ownership.	Early withdrawals before age 59 1/2 may be subject to a 10% penalty, in addition to income taxes.
Contribution Limits	In 2023, the contribution limit is $6,500 per year ($7,000 for those age 50 or older).	In 2023, the contribution limit is $6,500 per year ($7,000 for those age 50 or older).

The SIMPLE IRA

These plans are very easy to create, and they have very low administrative costs and no annual IRS reporting requirements. You set up traditional IRAs for each eligible employee; they can contribute to the IRA on a tax-deferred basis (via payroll deductions, and you can either match the contributions of plan participants or contribute a fixed percentage of all eligible employees’ pay. The employees own the money in their IRAs.

I had considered going with the Simple IRA initially, but the one item I didn’t like is that it has a 25% early withdraw penalty for the first two years. This is well over the standard 10% all other plans have. In the event I did get into a bind, I didn’t like the idea of having to pay the extra to get it out.

The SEP IRA

A Simplified Employee Pension plan lets you make contributions toward your retirement and your employees’ retirements. (You can even have a SEP and another kind of retirement plan at your business simultaneously.) A SEP allows business owners annual tax-deductible contributions equal to 25% of your compensation (if you have a corporation) or 20% of self-employment income (for a sole proprietor).

This is currently what I have and should satisfy me for a few more years. I even opened up two separate accounts so I could invest with Betterment and another where I control my own investments. Pretty soon I hope to graduate to the next level…

The Solo 401(k)

Are you ready to fly solo? As in a “Solo” 401(k). Yes, you can have a 401(k) when you are self-employed. A business owner may establish one and include their spouse in the plan, provided the spouse is an employee of the business. A solo 401(k) throws in a profit-sharing twist on the standard 401(k). Solo 401ks may be funded by the employee (deferred compensation) and the business (a percentage of profit).

As an employee of your business, you can contribute an amount up to the standard yearly 401(k) contribution limit (catch-up contributions permissible if you are 50 or older). Additionally, solo 401(k) plans allow you to make tax-deductible profit-sharing contributions equal to 25% of your compensation (corporate entity) or 20% of self-employment income (sole proprietor). It is even possible to have a solo Roth 401(k). These plans do require a TPA (third-party administrator).

Ultimately, the Solo 401(k) will allow me to contribute the most pre-tax, but my income has to get me there first 🙂

Here’s one way to compete with larger companies for prime employees. Contributions are usually deductible at both the federal and state levels, with contribution limits equivalent to a SEP. Contributions aren’t mandatory. If your business has a bad year, you don’t have to make them. The assets placed within the plan grow tax-deferred. Again, annual tax-deductible contributions may be made according to the 25%/20% rule depending on your business entity.

New comparability plans

Basically, this is a form of profit-sharing plan that rewards senior or key employees more than others. The classic situation for this plan is when you have a small business whose multiple owners take home similar earnings but are of different ages. The plan must be tested to meet Internal Revenue Code nondiscrimination requirements, of course. It allows different levels of compensation to different groups within a small business.

Plan Type	Description	Contribution Limits	Employer Contributions	Employee Contributions	Eligibility Requirements
401(k) plan	An employer-sponsored retirement plan that allows employees to save for retirement on a pre-tax or after-tax basis.	$22,500 per year (2023), with catch-up contributions allowed for those over 50.	Employers can choose to match employee contributions up to a certain amount, or make a profit-sharing contribution.	Employee contributions can be made on a pre-tax or after-tax basis.	Available to any business, including self-employed individuals.
Traditional IRA	An individual retirement account that allows individuals to save for retirement on a pre-tax basis.	$6,500 per year (2023), with catch-up contributions allowed for those over 50.	None, but some employers may offer a SIMPLE IRA option for employees.	Contributions are made by the individual.	Available to anyone under age 70 1/2 who has earned income.
Roth IRA	An individual retirement account that allows individuals to save for retirement on an after-tax basis.	$6,500 per year (2023), with catch-up contributions allowed for those over 50.	None, but some employers may offer a SIMPLE IRA option for employees.	Contributions are made by the individual.	Available to anyone with earned income below a certain threshold.
SEP IRA	A Simplified Employee Pension Plan that allows employers to make tax-deductible contributions to a traditional IRA for each eligible employee.	The lesser of $66,000 or 25% of employee compensation for the year.	Contributions are made by the employer.	None, but employees can contribute to a traditional IRA outside of the SEP plan.	Available to any business, including self-employed individuals.
SIMPLE IRA	A Savings Incentive Match Plan for Employees that allows employers and employees to make contributions to a traditional IRA.	$15,500 per year (2023), with catch-up contributions allowed for those over 50.	Employers can choose to match employee contributions up to a certain amount, or make a non-elective contribution.	Contributions are made by the employee.	Available to businesses with 100 or fewer employees.
Defined Benefit Plan	A retirement plan that provides a specific benefit amount at retirement, based on factors such as salary and years of service.	Contributions are determined by an actuary based on funding requirements.	Contributions are made by the employer.	None, but employees may be required to meet certain eligibility requirements, such as a certain length of service.	Generally available to larger businesses with the ability to fund ongoing plan obligations.

What plan is best for your business?

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If you are reading this, you are probably thinking about putting a plan into place or switching to a retirement program more easily administered than the one you have now? But which one should you choose – and what is the next step? Take a big step today and take advantage of all that is available in the marketplace – consult an independent financial professional and a CPA to review your options and find the program that fits your needs.

Source: goodfinancialcents.com

Apache is functioning normally

May 29, 2023 by Brett Tams

We all know that saving money is important, and asking yourself “how much money should I save?” can be a difficult question to answer when beginning. Being a personal finance expert, I am asked this question a lot.

Between saving for emergencies, retirement, vacations, etc. there are a lot of things to consider. And, knowing how much to save is something that many people don’t often talk about. When it does come up, it can seem like there is no straight answer.

I’ve talked a lot about savings on this blog, and in my post 56% Of Americans Have Less Than $10,000 Saved For Retirement, I stated that 56% of Americans have less than an average of $10,000 in retirement savings and 33% have no retirement savings at all. This is something incredibly important to address!

Other interesting statistics mentioned in this article include:

42% of millennials have not begun saving for retirement.
52% of Gen Xers have less than $10,000 in retirement savings.
About 30% of respondents age 55 and over have no retirement savings whatsoever.
Nearly 75% of Americans over 40 are behind on saving for retirement.

There are many reasons for why a person may not save money each month, which I discuss further in the article.

However, one of the biggest reasons I’ve noticed is that people don’t realize that they should be saving more – because they think they’re “invincible” (they think they don’t need to save at the moment, they think they’ll never leave their job, etc), because they truly do think that they are saving enough money, or because they are so overwhelmed by the idea of saving money that they just don’t save any money at all.

Really, all of these reasons get back to the question I began with, “how much money should I save?” If you find that you are asking that question and not getting any straight answers, I am here to help you figure that out today.

Articles related to “how much money should I save?”:

So, how much money should I save each month?

According to the U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, the personal savings rate has averaged around 5% in the past year, and averaged 8.33% from 1959 until 2016.

There are a lot of people that think saving between 1% and 5% of their income is enough to be on track for retirement.

Sadly, it’s unlikely that amount will be enough to retire.

While 5% is better than nothing, just one small emergency each year could easily and completely wipe out that savings.

Further, saving just 5% means it will take you a very long time to retire.

Retirement Calculator: https://networthify.com/calculator/earlyretirement

As you can see from the above:

With just a 1% savings rate, it would take you 98.9 working years until you reach retirement.
A 5% savings rate means that it would take you 66 working years to retire.
A 20% savings rate means that it would take you 37 working years to retire.
A 50% savings rate means that it would take you 17 working years to retire.
A 75% savings rate means that it would take you 7 working years to retire.

So, by saving more of your money, you are likely to retire sooner. Makes sense, right?

Related content: Do You Know Your Net Worth?

Now, all of those statistics are dependant on how much you make, but for the average person, I recommend saving at least 20% of your income. That would still be around 37 years of working.

However, there is no perfect percentage.

If you have a high income, then you should probably save more of your income so that you aren’t just wastefully spending your money. For example, we save over 80% of our income each month after personal and business expenses.

On the other hand, if 20% just seems like a crazy high percentage for you to save, then just start somewhere, anywhere! Saving something is better than saving nothing (please head to the section below “Still think you can’t any save money?” for more information).

And, everyone has different financial goals. If you want to retire early, then you’ll most likely have to save more than 20% of your income.

Recommended reading: The 6 Steps To Take To Invest Your First Dollar – Yes, It’s Really This Easy!

Think about your goals when understanding “How much money should I save?”

One person’s answer to “how much money should I save?” will most likely be completely different from the next.

Due to that, your savings percentage goal can vary depending on your specific goals. Retirement calculators can be great and all, but you really need to make sure you are thinking about your own goals.

Remember though, it’s not always just about retirement. There are other things in your life that you may want to save for.

When asking yourself “how much money should I save?” you will want to think about your:

Short-term goals – What are you saving for that you may purchase in the next year? This could be a vacation, an event you want to attend, holiday gifts, etc.
Mid-term goals – Think of a goal that you want to reach in the next decade. This may include saving for a down payment on a house, buying a car, building up an emergency fund, etc.
Long-term goals -This will most likely be your retirement goal, paying off your mortgage completely, etc.

Yes, that’s a lot to think about. And, this is why I always recommend saving as much as you realistically can.

Pay yourself first.

To make reaching your savings goals easier, I recommend starting to pay yourself first.

If you are unfamiliar with the idea, it’s basically setting aside money in savings before you pay any other bills. I also know someone who pays themselves first by putting extra money towards their debt before paying any other bills.

Paying yourself first before you pay your monthly expenses may be a scary thought. No one wants to over withdraw from their checking account or be unable to pay their monthly bills.

However, your future is just as important too, so it is much better to think about saving money as a need instead of something that can be pushed aside. Or, you can look at it this way, saving money is a bill you pay to yourself.

Paying yourself first becomes the first thing you do with each paycheck – you don’t even pay your other bills first. When you turn savings into a budget line item, rather than just putting what’s leftover into savings, it really can help you save more money. Yes, it may be difficult at first, but you will get used to living on less money.

For this to become part of your answer to the question “how much money should I save?” you may have to do some cutbacks with your budget or find ways to make more money. But, by only having a limited amount of money to spend each month, you will find that you are more closely watching your spending.

This may allow you to really see what is a need and what is just a want.

Here are my tips so that you can pay yourself first:

Take a look at how much you are currently saving and spending each month. Start tracking your spending a little more closely and see how much of that is actually unneeded. Calculate how much money you should be saving each month and set that aside at the beginning of each month.
Make it automatic. To make it easier and to simplify your finances, you may want to autopay a certain amount of money for savings each month.
If you feel uncomfortable with paying yourself first, then you may want to find ways to cut your budget back or make more money.

Still think you can’t save any money?

Okay, so now you may be thinking “How much money should I save, if I don’t have much money?!”

Thinking about that recommended 20% savings number can be frustrating if you are already having a hard time paying your bills and/or living paycheck to paycheck.

However, I recommend saving as much money as you realistically can. This may be nowhere near 20% at first, heck, this might not even be 5%, but any little bit will help. If you are not able to save that much, just save something! Start with $25 a month if you have to – seriously, every little bit does help.

Even if it’s just $1 a day, set that amount aside and start saving it.

So, no matter how you are doing right now, just start with something, no matter how small. Then, work your way up until you are saving a percentage of your income that you are happy with.

Start small and work your way towards your savings goal. And, if you are currently paying off debt, keep in mind that it counts too! Just keep moving in a positive direction and keep getting closer and closer to reaching your financial goals.

Remember that 5% of your income most likely won’t be enough for the average person to retire, so you will want to continue to improve that percentage well into the future so that you will be able to retire one day.

I understand that some people have financial situations in which they may not be able to save as much money as they would like. Living paycheck to paycheck, being in medical debt, or having a major unexpected expense can wreck a person’s financial situation and their goals, and I understand that.

However, you will need to find a way out of that. To find a way out, you may want to find ways to cut your spending, make more money (learn ways to make extra money), and more. You will have to challenge yourself, and it may not be easy. However, it will all be worth it once you reach your financial goals!

By spending less money, you’ll decrease the amount of money you need for the future, including money for emergency funds, retirement, and more.

Just think about it: If you are currently living a frugal lifestyle, then you will be used to living on less in the future. This means that your saved retirement amount doesn’t need to be as large, which means it may be easier to reach that savings goal.

Also, if you start saving now, you can take advantage of compound interest, which I’ll talk about next.

Here are some great articles that I recommend reading that will help you learn how to save money and make extra money:

The power of compound interest.

Saving for retirement as soon as you can is a great thing, especially because of compound interest.

With compound interest, time is on your side- meaning you should start saving money as early as you can.

Compound interest is when your interest is earning interest. This can turn the amount of money you have saved into a much larger amount years later.

This is important to note because $100 today will not be worth $100 in the future if you just let it sit under a mattress or in a checking account. However, if you invest through your retirement account, then you can actually turn your $100 into something more. When you invest, your money is working for you and growing your savings.

For example: If you put $1,000 into a retirement account with an annual 8% return, 40 years later you will have $21,724. If you started with that same $1,000 and put an extra $1,000 in it for the next 40 years at an annual 8% return, that would then turn into $301,505. If you started with $10,000 and put an extra $10,000 in it for the next 40 years at an annual 8% return, that would grow into $3,015,055.

So, if you are wondering “How much money should I save for retirement?” you should also focus on the reasons for saving for retirement now, such as:

It can help make sure you aren’t working for the rest of your life.
You can retire sooner rather than later.
You can lead a good life well after you finish working.
Compound interest means the earlier you save the more you earn.
You won’t have to rely on your children or others in order to survive.

As you can see, learning how much money you should save, such as for retirement, is very important.

Side note: I recommend you check out Personal Capital if you are interested in gaining control of your financial situation. Personal Capital is similar to Mint.com, but much better. Personal Capital is free, and it allows you to aggregate your financial accounts so that you can easily see your whole financial situation, including investments.

So, what’s your answer for when a person asks “How much money should I save?” What are you currently saving for? What percentage of your income do you save?

Withdrawal Rules on Roth IRA Contributions

Example 1

Example 2

What is the Rule For Qualified Distributions on a Roth IRA?

Example 3

Roth IRA Conversions

Example 4

Keep it in Order: Rules For Taking out of Roth IRA

Required Minimum Distributions and Roth IRA

What are Deferred Compensation Plans?

Non-Qualified Plans

Qualified Plans

Which Deferred Compensation Plan is Best?

Vesting

IRA Consolidation Case Study

How to implement the Super IRA Consolidation strategy

Step 1: Understand the Rules

Step 2: Consider the Potential Benefits of a “Super IRA” Strategy

Step 3: Work With Your Advisor

1. Do not stop contributing to your 401k no matter what.

2. Do not put all of your 401k into the money market.

3. Do not borrow against your 401k.

Is 80% Of Pre-Retirement Spending A Realistic Budget?

Longer And More Active Retirements

Health Care In Retirement

Other Ways Expenses Could Rise

Lower Taxes May Be Wrong

Spending Statistics Misrepresent Real Spending

A More Accurate Approach For Determining How Much Money You Need To Retire

401k to Rollover IRAs Offer a Wide Range of Benefits

Efficient Rollovers Require Careful Planning

Potential Downsides of IRA Rollovers

401(k) Match + Pension Plan = DB(k)

DB(k)s Could Be Popular to Employees

Are DB(k) Plans Expensive for Employers?

Less Paperwork Makes Everybody a Happy Camper

Employee Benefits from DB(k) Plans

Is the DB(k) the Retirement Savior?

1. Tell me your story. When did you retire and HOW?!

2. Was early retirement always something you were striving for? What made you want to retire early?

3. Would you say that you live comfortably?

4. What career did you have before you retired? Did that career help you to retire earlier?

5. What advice do you have for the average person that doesn’t make six figures a year who wants to retire early?

6. Do you still earn an income in retirement?

7. How did you decide how much you needed to retire?

8. What sacrifices or hard decisions did you have to make?

9. What do you do about health insurance in early retirement?

10. Will you be planning a place for your child to make long term friendships and connections? Do you plan to continue travel when your child is school age?

11. What hardships come up when traveling with a child and what do you do about it?

12. If you were starting back in the beginning, what would you do differently from the beginning?

13. Lastly, what is your very best tip (or two) that you have for someone who wants to reach the same success as you?

Related Posts

Traditional or Roth IRA

The SIMPLE IRA

The SEP IRA

The Solo 401(k)

Profit-sharing plans

New comparability plans

What plan is best for your business?

So, how much money should I save each month?

Think about your goals when understanding “How much money should I save?”

Pay yourself first.

Still think you can’t save any money?

The power of compound interest.

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