A SIMPLE IRA is a retirement plan designed for small businesses with 100 or fewer employees. It’s a cheaper (and easier) plan for an employer to set up when compared to a traditional 401(k). However, the amount a worker can save in a SIMPLE IRA is less than a 401(k).
2022 SIMPLE IRA Contribution Limits
For 2022, the annual contribution limit for SIMPLE IRAs is $14,000, up from $13,500 in 2021. Workers age 50 or older can make additional catch-up contributions of $3,000, for a total of $17,000.
By comparison, workers younger than 50 can salt away as much as $20,500 in a traditional 401(k) for 2022, plus another $6,500 if they’re 50-plus.
Employee contributions to a SIMPLE IRA are made on a pretax basis, which lowers taxable income. The invested money grows tax-sheltered until you withdraw it, at which time the distributions will be taxed as ordinary income.
If you pull money out before age 59 1/2, you face a 10% early-withdrawal penalty on top of taxes. The withdrawal penalty increases to 25% for SIMPLE IRAs if money is pulled out within two years of signing up for the plan.
Unlike some other retirement plans, a SIMPLE IRA doesn’t offer a Roth option, which would allow workers to invest after-tax dollars in the plan and not to be taxed on withdrawals later in retirement.
Employer Contributions to SIMPLE IRAs
Good news for workers participating in a SIMPLE IRA: Employers must make some form of a contribution to employees’ accounts. An employer can choose to either make a dollar-for-dollar match of up to 3% of a worker’s pay or contribute a flat 2% of compensation, whether the employee contributes or not. If your employer matches dollar-for-dollar up to 3% of pay, make sure you’re contributing at least enough to qualify for the full match.
Also, remember to pick your investments wisely. SIMPLE IRAs can hold a basket of investments, from stocks and bonds to mutual funds and exchange-traded funds. The best investment is one that fits your long-term goals at the right price.
How SIMPLE IRA Savers Can Build a Bigger Nest Egg
If you’re already stashing away the maximum contribution allowed in your SIMPLE IRA—$14,000 for employees younger than 50 or $17,000 for 50-plus workers—but want to save even more for retirement, consider opening a separate traditional IRA or Roth IRA.
For 2022, individuals younger than 50 can contribute up to $6,000 to a traditional IRA or Roth IRA. Retirement savers age 50 and up can make an additional $1,000 catch-up contribution. Roth IRAs have income limits. The maximum amount you can contribute to a Roth IRA for 2022 begins to phase out once modified adjusted gross income hits $129,000 for single filers and $204,000 those who are married and filing jointly. There’s no tax deduction for Roth IRA contributions. Contributions to a traditional IRA for 2022 are tax-deductible, though this benefit will phase out if you also contribute to a 401(k) plan at work and reach a certain income threshold. The tax deduction phases out for single filers who have a modified gross income between $68,000 and $78,000.
If an IRA contributor is covered by a work retirement plan, joint filers must earn $109,000 or less to claim the full tax deduction. The deduction is fully phased out once you make $129,000 or more. If an IRA contributor is not covered by a retirement plan at work, then the deduction is phased out between $204,000 and $214,000 for joint filers.
Source: kiplinger.com