Deductible Archives - Page 8 of 106

Apache is functioning normally

February 10, 2024 by Brett Tams

Many or all of the products featured here are from our partners who compensate us. This may influence which products we write about and where and how the product appears on a page. However, this does not influence our evaluations.

After a long year, tax season is finally upon us. You’re probably getting all your ducks in a row—collecting all the information you need, choosing your tax software, and so on. If you’re a homeowner, you might be able to catch a few tax breaks—but can you get a tax break for buying a house?

If you itemize your deductions via Schedule A rather than claiming the standard deduction, you could be eligible for one or more home-related tax breaks. And if you work from home, you might be able to claim a home office deduction (more on that later). The information below is general information regarding these deductions. It is always best to consult a tax professional if you have any questions related to your specific situation.

Deductions vs. Credits

Many people mistake deductions for credits—but they’re not the same thing. Let’s take a closer look at both types of tax breaks.

Deduction

Deductions reduce your taxable income according to the highest federal income tax bracket you fall into. So, if you qualify for a $2,000 deduction, the amount of money you can be taxed on will be reduced by $2,000.

There are two types of deductions: standard and itemized. Standard deductions are specific amounts based on your filing status and are updated annually. Itemized deductions are specific amounts you paid during the taxable year and you should use itemized deductions when your total of allowable itemized deductions is higher than the standard deduction.

Credit

Credits lower your income tax liability by a fixed dollar amount. If you qualify for a $500 tax credit, you pay $500 less in taxes.

Good to know: Some tax credits are nonrefundable, so if you don’t owe a lot of tax to begin with, you don’t qualify for the entire credit. Other tax credits, like the Earned Income Tax Credit, are refundable, so you get the entire amount under any tax circumstances. The remaining amount of credit available that wasn’t needed to pay down your tax bill comes to you in your tax refund.

Nondeductible Home Expenses

Unfortunately, some homeownership expenses just aren’t deductible. These include:

Closing costs (title insurance, appraisals, etc.)
Depreciation
Domestic service
Down payment
Fire insurance
Mortgage insurance premiums
Mortgage principal
Utilities such as gas, electricity, and water

Common Homeownership Deductions

If you itemize your deductions, there are several homeownership deductions available.

Home Mortgage Interest Deduction

Arguably the most well-known tax break for homeowners, the home mortgage interest deduction (HMID) lets you deduct interest paid on your mortgage up to $750,000 (or $375,000 if married filing separately).

If you take out a home equity loan or a home equity line of credit (HELOC) to make home improvements or buy or build a primary or secondary residence, you can deduct the interest through 2025.

You can claim this deduction on Form 1040, Schedule A.

Property Tax Deduction

Do you pay property taxes monthly or yearly? In either case, both state and federal property taxes are tax deductible on your federal return. For tax year 2023, the deduction amount is capped at $10,000 for married couples filing jointly and $5,000 for other tax statuses.

You can also claim taxes paid at closing when you buy or sell your home and certain payments made to town or county tax assessors. However, you can’t claim taxes paid on commercial or rental property.

To claim this deduction, report your total state and local income taxes in box 5a on Schedule A of Form 1040.

Mortgage Points Deductions

A homebuyer can purchase mortgage points, also called discount points, at the time of closing to lower their interest rate. For example, buying one point may lower your interest rate by 0.25%.

You can either deduct these points in the year in which you opened the mortgage or over the mortgage term. There are limitations, which you can view on the IRS website.

You can file for this deduction using Form 1040, Schedule A.

Home Office Deduction

If you’re self-employed and work from home, you can claim a home office deduction. To do so, you have to prove that you’ve used a portion of your home exclusively for business purposes. In other words, your office or another “separately identifiable space” counts, but your bedroom doesn’t—even if you work on your laptop in bed. Voluntary, occasional, or incidental freelance work won’t entitle you to a home office deduction.

There are occasions where you don’t need to meet the exclusive-use test. These include:

If you use part of your home as a day care facility for children, disabled adults, or elderly individuals
If you use part of your home to store physical inventory or product samples

Deductible expenses include:

Refurbishment and repair costs
Depreciation
A portion of your rent or mortgage payment
A portion of your utility bill
Business insurance
Office supplies

You can’t deduct landscaping or lawn care costs unless you’re a gardener or you’re in the lawn care business.

You can also consider using the simplified method for claiming your home office. That allows you to deduct $5 per square foot of your home used for business purposes. Often, this is a much more convenient way to deduct your home office versus taking the time to itemize each of your expenses.

Important: Before 2017, traditional employees could claim unreimbursed employee business expenses that exceeded 2% of their adjusted gross income on their tax return, including home office expenses. The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act eliminated that option until at least 2026. So, if you have an employer, you can’t currently write off any unreimbursed expenses related to your home office.

To claim this deduction, you’ll need to complete Form 8829, Expenses for Business Use of Your Home as part of your tax return.

Rental Expenses Deduction

If you rent your home, you can deduct some landlord expenses on your taxes, including operating expenses, depreciation, and repairs.

You can only deduct costs associated with keeping the rental in good operating condition. For example, you could deduct the cost of repairing a full bathroom that flooded, but you couldn’t deduct the cost of renovating a half bath into a full bath.

To claim this deduction, complete Form 4562, Depreciation and Amortization (Including Information on Listed Property).

Medical Capital Expense Deduction

If you have a medical condition that requires you to make improvements to your home or install special equipment, you may be eligible to deduct some or all of their cost.

Common capital expense deductions include:

Constructing ramps to exterior doors to make entering and exiting the home easier
Widening doorways or hallways to allow for wheelchairs or other mobility equipment
Installing railings, support bars, and other bathroom safety modifications
Lowering or modifying cabinets to make them usable
Installing a lift or otherwise modifying stairways
Modifying warning systems, such as fire alarms and smoke detectors

To file this deduction, use Worksheet A Capital Expense Worksheet to determine your medical capital expenses and enter the total on your Schedule A (Form 1040).

Common Homeownership Credits

As a homeowner, you may also qualify for specific homeownership tax credits.

Mortgage Interest Credit

Some lower-income first-time homeowners may receive a Mortgage Credit Certificate (MCC) from their state or local government, subsidizing the purchase of their home up to $2,000 on mortgage interest.

This credit comes with a few stipulations. For example, you’ll have to deduct the total amount of the credit from the mortgage interest you deduct. See the instructions page of Form 8396 for a complete list of stipulations. You’ll need to submit this as part of your tax return to claim the credit.

Residential Clean Energy Credit

Formally the Residential Energy Efficient Property Credit, the Residential Clean Energy Credit has a credit rate of 30% through 2032 and can cover costs related to renovating or building a home that runs on clean energy.

Specific limitations vary based on the type of improvements made, but they can apply to:

Solar electricity
Solar water heating
Small wind energy
Geothermal heat pumps
Biomass fuel
Fuel cells

See the IRS website for more details.

To claim the credit, complete Form 5695, Residential Energy Credits Part I as part of your tax return.

Energy Efficient Home Improvement Credit

If you improve your home’s energy efficiency, you may qualify for the Energy Efficient Home Improvement Credit.

Qualifying improvements include:

Building envelope components
Home energy audits
Residential energy property (i.e., central air conditioners that meet the Consortium for Energy Efficient (CEE) highest efficiency tier)
Heat pumps and biomass stoves and boilers

Each improvement has specific limits and guidelines. Learn more at the IRS website.

To claim the credit, complete Form 5695, Residential Energy Credits Part II as part of your tax return.

Alternative Fuel Vehicle Refueling Property Credit

Owners of electric vehicles may opt to add a charging station to their home. If you did so in 2023, you may qualify for the Alternative Fuel Vehicle Refueling Property Credit when you file your taxes. However, currently, this credit applies only to homes in low-income or urban areas.

To claim the credit, complete Form 8911.

A Word About Capital Gains

Many people worry about the amount of capital gains tax they’ll pay on a home sale. If you plan to sell your primary home and believe you’ll make a profit, you can exclude up to $250,000 of the gain from your income, or $500,000 if you file a joint return with your spouse. But there’s a catch: You have to have lived at the home for a minimum period of two years before the sale.

How Much Does Buying a House Help With Taxes?

Do you get a tax break for buying a house? It depends! Based on your tax situation, you could take advantage of various tax breaks available to homeowners.

Most homeowner credits and deductions only apply if you itemize your return—and you’ll only know whether itemization is worth it after you complete your tax forms. If you’re looking for a simple solution for filing your taxes, use TaxAct. As you enter information into your return, TaxAct will recommend whether itemizing your deductions or claiming the standard deduction is better for you.

You don’t have to wait for tax season to save money! Get your free credit report card from Credit.com. See where you need to work to start improving your credit to prepare for home ownership.

Disclosure: All TaxAct offers, products and services are subject to applicable terms and conditions. Price paid is determined at the time of filing and is subject to change.

The TaxAct® name and logo are registered trademarks of TaxAct, Inc. and are used here with TaxAct’s permission.

Source: credit.com

Apache is functioning normally

February 10, 2024 by Brett Tams

Nearly 215 million U.S. drivers carry car insurance, and many may ask themselves, “Why is my car insurance so high?” If you’re one of those Americans, know that there are ways you can take control of the situation and reduce your insurance premiums.

We’ll guide you through why your car insurance may be higher than normal and ways you can proactively work to lower the costs.

1. Credit Score

Most insurance providers consider your credit score when determining insurance rates. Maintaining a good credit score can help individuals maintain a lower insurance premium. However, those with poor credit scores often need to pay more since they are seen as being higher risk.

Factors that impact your FICO® credit score include:

Length of credit history
Payment history
Credit mix
Amount owed
New credit

Keep in mind that credit score is only one factor used by insurers to set premiums.

2. Driving Record

Your driving record can significantly impact your insurance premium costs. Those with clean driving records without any traffic violations or accidents tend to pay lower insurance premiums. However, policyholders who have been in vehicle accidents and accrued traffic violations may pay for higher insurance premiums. Your insurance provider can increase your premium for:

Speeding tickets
DUIs and DWIs
Parking tickets

Your insurance may provide safe driver discounts to those with good driving records and who are accident-free for a required period. These discounts can decrease your insurance premiums.

3. Coverage Levels and Types

Your insurance rates can be significantly affected by the coverage type and insurance level you opt for. Depending on where you reside, your state has regulations and criteria for minimum policy coverage.

For example, Washington requires drivers to have the following minimum coverage:

$25,000 per person for bodily injury or death in an accident
$50,000 per person for bodily injury or death of any two people in an accident
$10,000 of injury to or destruction of property of others in an accident

Depending on other factors, like your vehicle type and whether it’s leased, you may require additional coverage on top of the minimum state requirements.

4. Claim History

Similar to your driving record, you want to keep your claim history as unscathed as possible. However, accidents happen, whether they result from your actions or those of another driver. Multiple filed claims can impact premium costs, especially if they are large claims, like a totaled vehicle. Plus, claims have a long-lasting impact—an at-fault accident can increase your rates for at least three years following the claim.

5. Location

Insurance premiums can greatly vary by location, especially if you live in a city versus a more rural area. Insurance premiums in each state are affected by various factors, including:

Rate of uninsured motorists
Frequency of filed claims
Minimum insurance limits

Things like road conditions and crime rates can also impact your auto insurance. For example, If you live in an area with high auto theft rates and poorly planned roads that are prone to cause accidents, you’ll likely be paying higher insurance rates.

6. Type of Vehicle

When insurers determine insurance premiums, they consider vehicle types. Certain car models have a lower likelihood of ensuring the safety of passengers or cost more to repair in the case of an accident, leading to higher insurance rates.

Vehicles that typically have higher rates are:

Smaller cars: Compact vehicles sustain more extensive damage in a crash, so they’ll usually have higher coverage rates.
Leased cars: Leasing companies typically require full coverage for leased vehicles, including comprehensive and collision coverage, to cover damage in a potential accident.
Cars with premium features: Trim levels and technological features, such as touch screens, can be expensive to repair when damaged. Providers keep this in mind when providing a premium. However, a vehicle with advanced safety features is at lower risk, resulting in a lower premium.

Vehicles that typically have lower rates are:

Small SUVs and minivans: Safer and bigger cars tend to have the most reasonable insurance rates.
Older cars: Most car values depreciate over time. In the case of an accident, your provider will need to pay out less than a newer vehicle. The exception is collector and classic vehicles.

Overall, newer, luxurious, smaller vehicles tend to have more expensive premiums.

7. Gender or Age

Gender can impact your insurance premiums in the majority of states. However, there are states that have banned gender in insurance rating, including:

California
Michigan
Massachusetts
Pennsylvania
North Carolina
Montana
Hawaii

Your age is another uncontrollable factor that impacts your insurance rates. Your insurer will likely charge you more if you have young drivers under 25 on your insurance policy. This is because they’re viewed as less experienced drivers with a higher risk of filing a claim.

8. Insurance Company

Rates vary across insurance providers. It’s easy to stick to renewing the same policy every year, but you could be losing out on savings by switching insurance companies. Among the leading auto insurance companies across the country, the average annual car insurance rate stands at $1,547 per year. Yet, a driver with identical coverage may pay as little as $1,022 with one company or as much as $2,135.

9. Driving Patterns

When you apply for insurance, expect your insurance provider to inquire about your occupation and residence. How often you drive and how much time you spend behind the wheel can increase your insurance premiums.

Those with longer work commutes increase their risk of being in an accident while they’re on the road. If you work in an expensive city and live in the suburbs outside the city to save on housing costs, you could, unfortunately, be paying a higher insurance rate.

10. Deductibles

Your deductible is the amount you would need to pay if your car is damaged and you file a claim. Your insurance provider pays the remaining total cost to fix your vehicle. For example, if you have a $500 deductible and file a claim for $2,500 in damages, you’ll need to pay the $500 and your insurance will cover the final $2,000.

If you pay for a lower deductible on your policy, there’s more risk for your insurance provider. Therefore, you’ll likely have to pay for higher insurance premiums.

11. Policy Add-ons

Take a look at your policy add-ons. You may be paying for additional coverage you don’t currently need. Evaluate whether it’s necessary to cover items like:

Car rental coverage
Roadside assistance
Comprehensive and collision coverage

While some of these additional coverage items can be beneficial, they aren’t essential expenses.

12. Car Insurance History

Your car insurance history can impact your insurance premium costs. If you have lapses in your insurance history, periods where you didn’t hold insurance, you can be penalized with higher premiums. Reasons for having gaps in your insurance history include:

Being dropped from your insurance provider
Your insurance expires and you can’t review your policy
You don’t have a vehicle and therefore don’t require auto insurance

You should always have auto insurance when you own a vehicle. Consider acquiring nonowner car insurance if you don’t own a vehicle—it provides coverage when driving cars you don’t own and prevents future premium increases when you do own one.

5 Ways to Lower Your Car Insurance Premium

As noted above, various factors can skyrocket your car insurance costs. Luckily, there are steps you can take to help lower your premiums and keep more money in your pocket.

1. Maintain a Good Credit Score

Your credit score can greatly impact how expensive your premium is. Improving your credit can help you find lower premiums in the future. Actions that can potentially improve a credit score is:

Reviewing your credit report for inaccuracies and errors and correcting them
Paying off any outstanding revolving debt
Opening a secured credit card if you don’t qualify for a traditional card
Completing payments on time

Improving your credit takes time, especially if you have multiple derogatory marks on your report. Be patient and smart while building your credit back up.

2. Get Rid of Unnecessary Coverage

Review your current coverage and evaluate whether you’re paying for add-on coverage you don’t need. For example, if you aren’t frequently renting cars, you likely don’t need car rental coverage. If you do rent a car for occasions like a business trip or vacation, your insurance should cover any damage caused to the rented vehicle.

3. Bundle Your Policies

For homeowners, bundling your home and auto policies can help lower your premiums. We recommend comparing bundling quotes from both of the providers before deciding which provider policy to cancel. Not only can you potentially save on both your premiums, but you will also be able to manage these expenses with one provider.

4. Raise Your Deductible

Opting for a higher deductible on your car insurance can help lower your premium rate. Your deductible is what you would pay “out of pocket” in a claim. However, you should be able to pay your deductible in case of an accident. If you increase your deductible too much, your insurance won’t cover smaller damages and repairs.

5. Compare Multiple Quotes

Has it been a while since your insurance premium was set? Shopping around at different insurance providers is the easiest way to get a lower insurance premium. If it’s time to renew your policy and you have a clean driving record, it may be a good time to compare quotes and see if other providers can provide a lower premium.

FAQ

Below are frequently asked questions about car insurance expenses and factors.

Does My Credit Score Affect My Car Insurance Rates?

Your credit score is factored in when your provider calculates your insurance premiums. Those with poorer credit scores (below 580 on the FICO scale and below 601 on the VantageScore® scale) tend to pay higher rates than those with good credit scores. Improving your credit score will help you secure favorable insurance rates and in other financial situations, like when you’re applying for a loan.

How Can I Lower My Auto Insurance Premiums?

There are a few actions you can take to potentially lower your insurance premiums, including:

Purchase a smaller, older vehicle
Remove unnecessary policy add-ons
Improve your credit
Raise your deductible
Bundle your home and auto policies
Shop around for rates

Why Does It Cost More to Insure an Expensive Vehicle?

There are several reasons why auto insurance costs are higher for an expensive vehicle. Luxury cars have more expensive parts, such as high-tech and advanced safety features. Also, if your vehicle is severely damaged and declared totaled, your insurance provider will need to cover the value of your car.

View New Car Loan Rates With Credit.com

Now that you know why your car insurance is so high, it’s time to take steps to reduce your premiums. Credit.com can provide you with a free credit score and credit report so you can see where you need to start working on your credit and lowering your premium rates.

If you’re shopping for a new auto loan, Credit.com offers custom that won’t impact your credit. Get prequalified and see your rates today.

Source: credit.com

Apache is functioning normally

February 9, 2024 by Brett Tams

Settling into your dream home should be a time of joy, not stress over unexpected appliance or system failures. Whether it’s an air conditioner failing in the heat of summer or a dishwasher flooding your kitchen, these are real challenges homeowners often face.

A home warranty acts as a safeguard against the financial and emotional strain of such breakdowns, covering the repair or replacement costs of major systems and appliances due to wear and tear. More than just a policy, a home warranty serves as a protective friend for your home, preventing unexpected issues from draining your savings.

This guide explores the essentials of home warranties, including coverage details and the benefits of securing one. Whether you’re moving into your first home or aiming to protect your existing one, understanding the importance of a home warranty is key to ensuring peace of mind and financial stability.

How do home warranties work?

Home warranty plans provide a form of protection for homeowners by covering the costs associated with repairing or replacing major appliances and systems within your home, such as heating, cooling, electrical, and plumbing systems, as well as refrigerators, ovens, and washers. These plans are especially beneficial for mitigating unexpected expenses that arise from normal wear and tear.

When you purchase a home warranty, you have the flexibility to tailor your plan to fit your specific needs. This means you can choose to cover just your major appliances, systems, or a combination of both, depending on what you deem most critical to your home’s functionality and comfort.

The cost of your home warranty, known as the premium, will vary based on the scope of coverage you select. Plans that offer more comprehensive coverage for multiple systems and appliances will generally have higher premiums than more basic plans.

In addition to the annual or monthly premium, home warranty plans typically require a service fee or deductible to be paid each time a repair person is dispatched to your home to address a covered issue. This fee is predetermined in your home warranty contract and remains constant, regardless of the actual cost of the repair or replacement, providing a predictable expense for homeowners.

Home Warranty Coverage: What’s Included and What’s Not

When it comes to home warranties, knowing what is covered and what isn’t can save you a lot of time and prevent frustration when you need to use your policy. Home warranties are designed to offer homeowners peace of mind by covering the costs associated with repairing or replacing major systems and appliances due to wear and tear. However, coverage can vary significantly from one plan to another, making it crucial to understand the specifics of your policy.

What does a home warranty cover?

Most home warranty plans offer coverage for a core set of systems and appliances that are essential for daily living. This usually includes:

Heating and cooling systems: Central air conditioning and heating systems, including furnaces, are often covered because they’re crucial for maintaining a comfortable home environment.
Kitchen appliances: Built-in microwaves, dishwashers, refrigerators, ranges, and ovens are usually covered. These appliances are considered essential for food storage and preparation.
Electrical and plumbing systems: Comprehensive coverage typically extends to the guts of your home – the electrical wiring and plumbing systems that make modern living possible.
Water heaters: Given their importance in providing hot water for bathing, cleaning, and cooking, water heaters are commonly included in home warranty plans.

What’s Often Excluded

While home warranties cover many systems and appliances, certain items and scenarios are typically not covered:

Pre-existing conditions: Issues that were present before the start of the warranty period are usually not covered.
Improper installation or maintenance: Appliances or systems that haven’t been installed correctly, or that have been neglected, might not be eligible for coverage.
Cosmetic damage: Aesthetic issues that don’t affect the functionality of an appliance or system are generally excluded.
Structural components: Items like your home’s foundation, walls, and roof are not covered by a standard home warranty and are typically addressed by homeowners insurance policies.

Unusual Coverage Options

Some home warranty providers offer unique coverage options that can be added to your plan for an additional fee. These might include:

Pool and spa equipment: Coverage for pool pumps and heaters can be added, perfect for homeowners who enjoy their backyard oasis.
Second refrigerator or wine cooler: For those with multiple refrigerators or specialized cooling appliances, additional coverage is available.
Septic systems and well pumps: Homes with these features can often add specific coverage to address repairs or replacements.

Making Sense of Your Coverage

To truly understand what your home warranty covers, take the time to read your policy’s fine print. Look for a clear breakdown of covered items, and pay attention to any limits on coverage amounts or the number of claims you can file within a certain period. If your policy includes a comparison chart or sidebar summarizing coverage, use it to quickly reference what’s included and what’s not.

Remember, the goal of a home warranty is to protect you from unexpected repair costs for essential home systems and appliances. By thoroughly understanding your coverage, you can make informed decisions about your home maintenance and prepare for any issues that might arise.

Evaluating the Cost of Home Warranties

When considering a home warranty, it’s essential to weigh the cost against the potential savings and peace of mind it offers. A home warranty isn’t just another expense; it’s a strategic investment in protecting your home and budget from unexpected repair or replacement costs. Let’s break down the cost of home warranties and compare it to the potential out-of-pocket expenses without one.

The Annual Cost of Home Warranties

The price of a home warranty can vary widely depending on several factors, including the coverage scope, your home’s size, and its location. On average, homeowners can expect to pay between $300 and $600 per year for a home warranty plan. This fee can be paid upfront annually or in monthly installments, making it a flexible addition to your financial planning.

Potential Savings with a Home Warranty

To truly appreciate the value of a home warranty, consider the cost of repairing or replacing major systems and appliances without one. Here are a few examples:

Air conditioning system repair/replacement: Without a warranty, fixing or replacing an AC unit can cost anywhere from $150 for minor repairs to over $5,000 for a full replacement.
Refrigerator repair/replacement: Repairing a fridge can cost between $200 to $400, while buying a new one can set you back $1,000 or more.
Plumbing issues: Addressing plumbing problems can easily cost hundreds to thousands of dollars, depending on the severity.

In contrast, with a home warranty, you would typically only be responsible for a service call fee ranging from $75 to $125 each time you report an issue, regardless of the actual cost of the repair or replacement.

Variability in Cost

The cost of a home warranty is influenced by several factors:

Home size: Larger homes may have higher warranty costs due to the greater number and size of systems and appliances.
Location: Pricing can vary by state or region, reflecting the local cost of living and the availability of service technicians.
Age of home: Older homes might incur higher home warranty costs due to the increased likelihood of systems and appliances failing.

Making an Informed Decision

When evaluating whether a home warranty is worth the investment for you, consider your financial ability to handle unexpected repairs or replacements. If a single significant repair could strain your budget, a home warranty could offer valuable protection and peace of mind.

Additionally, think about the age and condition of your home’s systems and appliances. Newer homes with newer appliances might not benefit immediately from a home warranty, but as systems begin to age, the potential for savings increases.

Ultimately, a home warranty can be a wise investment, offering significant savings and convenience compared to the potential high costs of repairs and replacements. By carefully considering your home’s specific needs and circumstances, you can decide if a home warranty is the right financial safety net for you.

How to Choose the Right Home Warranty Company

Selecting the ideal home warranty company requires careful consideration of several key factors to ensure you get the best protection for your home. Here’s what to evaluate to make an informed choice:

Assess the Claims Process

The efficiency and ease of the claims process are crucial. Inquire about how to initiate a claim with the home warranty company and the average time it takes to get a response. A reliable provider should offer 24/7 support to assist you whenever issues arise. Ensure the company has a reputation for a straightforward claims process, minimizing stress and inconvenience during urgent situations.

Examine Coverage and Exclusions

Understanding what is covered by the home warranty plan is vital. Check if the home warranty provider covers all essential home systems and appliances, or if you’ll need additional coverage for comprehensive protection. Be wary of exclusions that could affect key components of your home, and ask about options for supplemental coverage if necessary.

Compare Costs and Fees

Evaluate the affordability of the home warranty plan by comparing the cost of premiums and service fees with other providers. A competitive monthly or annual premium, along with reasonable service call fees, indicates a good value proposition. However, the lowest price isn’t always the best choice; balance cost-effectiveness with the extent of coverage and service quality.

Research the Provider’s Reputation

The credibility and reliability of the home warranty company are paramount. Look for accreditation by the Better Business Bureau (BBB) and review their ratings and customer feedback.

Checking with your state’s insurance commissioner can provide additional insights into the provider’s standing and history. Avoid companies with a track record of evasive behavior or those known for disappearing when a claim is filed.

Read the Fine Print

Before making your final decision, thoroughly review the contract. Confirm that the plan’s terms, including coverage details and limitations, match what was advertised or quoted. Understanding the fine print can save you from surprises down the line.

How to File a Home Warranty Claim

To ensure your home warranty claim is processed efficiently, follow these steps:

Review your coverage: Check your home warranty contract to confirm the issue is covered, noting any exclusions or limitations.
Initiate the claim: Contact your home warranty provider as soon as possible using their provided channels, such as online portals, email, or phone.
Provide details: Offer clear information about the problem, including model numbers and a description of the issue, to expedite the repair process.
Schedule the service: The company will arrange for a technician to assess and address the issue. Communicate any scheduling preferences you have.
Prepare for the visit: Ensure the area around the appliance or system is accessible for the technician.
Understand the outcome: After evaluation, the technician will repair or, if necessary, recommend replacement based on your warranty’s terms.

Tips for a Smooth Claims Process

Keep all warranty documents and maintenance records for reference.
Follow up with the company if updates on your claim are delayed.
Be aware of the service fee required for each claim to avoid surprises.

Bottom Line

A home warranty, combined with regular upkeep, represents a smart investment for safeguarding your home and budget. It offers peace of mind by covering repair or replacement costs of major home systems and appliances, potentially saving you substantial amounts in the face of unforeseen breakdowns.

While it requires an upfront cost, the long-term savings and convenience can far outweigh initial expenses, making it a worthwhile consideration for homeowners looking to minimize financial surprises.

Frequently Asked Questions

How long does a home warranty last?

When you choose home warranty coverage, it will come with a service contract for a set period of time. In most cases, it lasts for one year. You’ll then be able to renew your plan annually to keep your coverage intact. Cancellation policies will vary depending on which home warranty company you choose to work with.

Is a home warranty the same as home insurance?

No, they serve different purposes. Home insurance covers damage to your property from unforeseen events, while a home warranty covers repairs and replacements of major systems and appliances due to normal wear and tear.

How do I purchase a home warranty?

Research and compare different home warranty providers to find one that suits your needs. Reputable home warranty companies include Choice Home Warranty and Advanced Home Warranty. You can view a comprehensive list of top home warranty companies here.

Once you’ve chosen a provider, apply for coverage and pay the fee once your application is approved. Coverage typically lasts for one year and can be renewed annually.

Do home warranties cover all repair costs?

Home warranties usually require you to pay a service fee for each repair visit, but this fee is often significantly lower than the full cost of repairs. The warranty covers the rest, up to your contract’s limits.

Isn’t it cheaper to just use homeowners insurance?

Not necessarily. Your homeowners insurance policy covers damages from events like natural disasters, theft, and fire, but it doesn’t cover the cost of repairing or replacing appliances and systems due to wear and tear. That’s where a home warranty comes in, covering those gaps.

Is a home warranty part of closing costs?

A home warranty can be included in your closing costs if you choose to purchase one when buying a home. Sometimes, the seller or your real estate agent can negotiate a one-year home warranty into the deal.

Can I buy a home warranty after closing?

Yes, you can purchase a home warranty at any time, not just when buying a home. However, pre-existing conditions may not be covered, so it’s advantageous to get a warranty as soon as possible.

Are home warranties transferable?

Yes, most home warranty plans can be transferred to new homeowners if you sell your home, making your property more attractive to potential buyers.

What should I do if my claim is denied?

If your home warranty claim is denied, review the reason for denial and check your contract for coverage details. You can often appeal the decision by providing additional information or clarification about the issue.

How often can I use my home warranty?

There’s generally no limit to how many times you can use your home warranty within the contract period, but there may be limits on the amount covered for certain items or systems. Check your contract for details.

Can I choose my own repair technician?

Most home warranty companies require you to use their network of approved service providers. However, some plans may allow you to choose your own technician, subject to approval and reimbursement policies.

What happens if a covered item can’t be repaired?

If a covered item cannot be repaired, your home warranty plan typically covers its replacement. The specifics, such as whether you’ll receive a new model or the depreciated value in cash, depend on your contract’s terms.

Are home warranties tax-deductible?

No, home warranties are generally not tax-deductible for your primary residence. However, if you use part of your home for business, like a home office, or if you rent out a portion, you may be able to deduct a fraction of the home warranty cost. This fraction corresponds to the percentage of your home used for business purposes.

Looking for the Best Home Warranty Company?

Check out our reviews of the top home warranty companies.

Source: crediful.com

Apache is functioning normally

February 8, 2024 by Brett Tams

Welcome to NerdWallet’s Smart Money podcast, where we answer your real-world money questions. In this episode:

Master self-employment taxes and avoid common tax mistakes with expert strategies for managing your finances year-round.

How do self-employed taxes work? What are some common tax mistakes self-employed people make? And can you really write off payments on a luxury vehicle if you use it for work purposes? Hosts Sean Pyles and Elizabeth Ayoola discuss the intricacies of self-employment taxes and strategies for financial success and IRS compliance to help you understand how to navigate tax season as an independent worker.

CPA and financial strategist Krystal Todd joins them to delve further into the details of self-employment taxes, with tips and tricks on budgeting for personal and professional life, the importance of making quarterly tax payments, and whether to DIY taxes or hire a professional. They also discuss strategies like depreciating assets, the benefits of hiring family members, and navigating the complexities of tax deductions.

Plus: financial strategies for handling unexpected income and managing self-employment taxes, the importance of setting aside funds for unexpected expenses, and the advantages of timing revenue recognition and prepaying expenses for tax benefits.

Check out this episode on your favorite podcast platform, including:

NerdWallet stories related to this episode:

Episode transcript

This transcript was generated from podcast audio by an AI tool.

Sean Pyles:

As Ben Franklin himself said, in this world, nothing is certain except death and taxes. Taxes, as we all know, can be wildly confusing, and that goes double when an employer isn’t there to help.

Krystal Todd:

We need quarterly payments just of you estimating how much you think you’ll be paying in taxes, and then at the end of the year when you actually file your taxes, they’ll make adjustments based on whatever credits and deductions you’re eligible for, what you’ve already paid, and then you’ll see what you net.

Sean Pyles:

Welcome to NerdWallet’s Smart Money Podcast. I’m Sean Pyles.

Elizabeth Ayoola:

And I’m Elizabeth Ayoola.

Sean Pyles:

Today we bring you episode two of our nerdy deep dive into self-employment. In our last episode, we talked about the importance of budgeting when you’re working for yourself. Obviously here at Smart Money we think it’s a good idea for everyone to budget, but especially if you’re self-employed, you’re going to need to budget for both your personal life and your professional life.

So in this episode, we’re going to answer the most important tax questions self-employed people have, like how do self-employed taxes even work? Is it better to DIY your taxes or hire a pro? And can you really write off payments on a luxury vehicle if you use it for work purposes? Welcome to tax season.

Elizabeth Ayoola:

Womp womp. My favorite part of tax season is when it’s over. Thankfully, I’m getting better at taxes every year and I’m also learning to outsource. Shout out to my tax person. Anyways, yes, it’s February and it’s tax time for all of us. And if you’re a gig worker, freelancer, contractor, or other solo entrepreneur, you need to make sure that you’re doing all the heavy lifting an employer would usually do for you. And you have to do that to avoid mistakes and IRS penalties. Hopefully those who aren’t new to self-employment have withheld enough quarterly taxes throughout the year so they’re not hit with an IRS penalty. New listeners who are about to dip their toes into self-employment are about to learn about how self-employed taxes work.

Sean Pyles:

Yeah, that is no bueno. I know people who, when they started freelancing, had no idea that they were supposed to be paying taxes all year long quarterly instead of saving up for a big payment at the end of the year. The IRS does not look kindly on that, even if it ends up that you overpaid. And by people here, I am absolutely referring to myself because I once found myself in a world of tax hurt back when I was a contractor, and that is a lesson I shall not soon forget.

Elizabeth Ayoola:

It’s good to know I’m not alone, Sean, because I’ve been there too and it wasn’t fine.

Sean Pyles:

Elizabeth Ayoola:

It hurts. It’s a heartbreak.

Sean Pyles:

All right, well, we want to hear what you think too, listeners. To share your ideas and questions around self-employment with us, leave us a voicemail or text the Nerd Hotline at 901-730-6373. That’s 901-730-NERD. Or email a voice memo to [email protected].

So Elizabeth, who are we hearing from today?

Elizabeth Ayoola:

Today we’re going to be chatting with Krystal Todd. She happens to be a certified public accountant, a financial strategist, a money mentor and an entrepreneur. Her resume puts her in a good position to give us the juicy details we need on self-employed taxes.

Sean Pyles:

That’s coming up in a moment. Stay with us.

Elizabeth Ayoola:

Hi Krystal. Thank you for coming onto the podcast.

Krystal Todd:

Yes, thank you so much for having me. Really excited to talk taxes. This is my bread and butter. I love talking about anything money, really.

Elizabeth Ayoola:

No, I’m with you. I’m not going to lie, I do not love taxes, but I do love to understand taxes because I don’t want to pay the IRS more than I have to pay them.

Krystal Todd:

Oh, no. That’s why I’m here.

Elizabeth Ayoola:

Another tax year is upon us, and I think this information is going to be super helpful. So with that said, I’m going to jump straight into the first question I have for you, which is how do self-employed taxes work? And I know this is a big question, but I know I learned the hard way about self-employed taxes and I learned that they’re higher than what you pay when you’re working a traditional job with an employer.

So I want you to tell us why self-employed taxes are higher, especially when the government seems to provide so many incentives for small business owners.

Krystal Todd:

So it’s a double whammy because not only is it higher because we’re paying both sides of the employer tax, but we also have to pay it ourselves. So if you’re coming from a W-2 world into self-employment world, normally in W-2 world, it’s all handled for you. The biggest difference is that you’re having to have full control over paying your taxes, paying quarterly, whereas a W-2, you’re paying every paycheck. It doesn’t feel like that, but that’s what’s going on. And then the self-employment tax. So typically with your W-2 employee, you’ll pay half that piece and then your employer pays half of it, but because you’re self-employed, you are the employee and the employer, so you’re paying 15% in taxes.

Elizabeth Ayoola:

That 15%, I remember the first time I saw it and whipped out my calculator and I was like, “Wait, what? This was a chunk of money.” So I was a little unpleasantly shocked by that number.

Krystal Todd:

Yeah, there is a way to get around it.

Elizabeth Ayoola:

Tell me, tell me.

Krystal Todd:

If you’re just starting out, maybe it wouldn’t be most beneficial. It does depend, and of course you have to always throw a disclaimer out there. Everyone’s situation is different. I’m a CPA, but not your personal CPA, so take everything I’m saying as little seeds of wisdom to go research.

When you’re first starting out, maybe you don’t have your EIN, which is just basically your social security for your business, employee identification number. So it’s like your social security number but for your business, because businesses are their own entity. But when you’re first starting out, maybe you’re not doing all of that. So if you’re in the sole proprietor category, which means you’re just working for yourself, you hired yourself, maybe the next level up is LLC, limited liability company. So you’ve gone ahead and filed for that LLC so you have some protection, but you’re still going to be paying a lot of taxes.

It’s not until you get into the S Corp. And of course there’s a couple of qualifications there, but once you get into S Corp, you can actually pay yourself as a W-2 employee in your business. And then that’s how you circumvent that self-employed tax because even though it’s your business, you’re an employee of the business so it looks like a W-2. And the benefit of that too is especially if you’re self-employed, and I know some people have felt me on this, if you’re trying to get a loan for a car, once they see you’re self-employed, guns are blazing, right? They’re ready to ask you all types of questions. You have to provide so much information. As an S Corp, if you’re paying yourself, you’re going to receive a W-2 from your business so they don’t have to know it’s your business. They just see W-2 and no questions asked. There are some benefits to having an S Corp for sure.

Elizabeth Ayoola:

By the way, for everyone listening, we’re going to go a lot deeper into the different business structures in a subsequent episode, so don’t worry. We’re going to touch on that some more.

So now back to taxes. I know estimated taxes are something that I now do. Didn’t do before, but I remember when I was first researching self-employment taxes, that came up a lot. But I thought, “Hey, I can just pay it in one lump sum,” and I didn’t really dig deeper to read all of the fine details. Can you explain to us what estimated taxes are and how exactly it worked?

Krystal Todd:

Of course. So as I mentioned previously, as a W-2 employee, you’re paying taxes every single pay period. So you don’t necessarily have to worry about that, but as a self-employed individual, you’re not paying any taxes. So what the government has said is, “You’re not off the hook.” You’re not going to pay just one time at the end of the year. We need quarterly payments just of you estimating how much you think you’ll be paying in taxes, and then at the end of the year when you actually file your taxes, they’ll make adjustments based on whatever credits and deductions you’re eligible for, what you’ve already paid, and then you’ll see what you net.

So it’s crucial to pay quarterly taxes, and you can use things out there that help you track your expenses and your income and can even help you calculate that too, so you don’t have to necessarily do it all on your own.

Elizabeth Ayoola:

Absolutely. So tell us, when are the self-employed taxes due and what happens if you don’t pay them?

Krystal Todd:

Yes, they’re quarterly. If you don’t pay them quarterly or they realize that you haven’t paid enough, you will get fined. You don’t have to end up in jail if it was a legitimate accident, so you’ll be fine, but you will get penalized and it can be a little costly. So definitely make sure that you are just getting that done ahead of time. It’s a fresh new year, so new opportunities to make sure we’re staying on target.

Elizabeth Ayoola:

Yes. And for those who maybe are listening and unfortunately missed out on paying quarterly taxes and maybe in April are going to end up being hit with a bill, are there any options in terms of how they can pay it if they don’t have that lump sum cash?

Krystal Todd:

It depends on your situation. Sometimes the IRS will say, “No, you need to make this payment,” and sometimes they’ll work with you depending on the amount. So it does depend on your circumstances.

Elizabeth Ayoola:

What was this I heard about that you can sometimes do a payment plan with the IRS. So is this true?

Krystal Todd:

Yeah, no, it’s true. It’s true. I think it just depends on, like I said, your circumstances. Maybe there’s situations where if you had issues before, they’re a little bit more strict on you, but you can make payments.

Elizabeth Ayoola:

So now we want to get into the mistakes so other people can learn from those mistakes. So what are some common mistakes that you see clients make when it comes to paying their self-employed taxes? So for me, for example, I just wasn’t good at bookkeeping initially. I had my money in too many different accounts, so it was overwhelming when tax season came around to see what my deductions were and just basically my income. So as a CPA, tell us maybe two or three common mistakes you see people make.

Krystal Todd:

The common mistake by far is not making sure that they’re taking all the deductions and credits that they’re actually eligible for. So ultimately, a lot of people will think about taxes as a January through April situation, but it’s a year-round thing. Tax planning is almost more important than actually tax preparation. You want to think about the whole year and ways you can save money, different things you could probably invest in to bring your taxes down. So missing out on tax planning and then trying to just rush everything towards the end of the year is by far the biggest mistake. I’ll see people scrambling for receipts, looking back, and a lot of times if you’re just starting out, typically maybe they won’t have a separate business account as well.

Depreciation is the biggest one that I think people miss out on, not only for things like Airbnb in your home, but also your car. If you’re doing Uber or Lyft, you can get credit for the wear and tear on your car. If you have a computer or any devices that you have, those things are also depreciable or you can actually fully deduct them in certain cases. I definitely think that you should be empowered and doing it yourself, but if your taxes are getting complicated, you’d want to make sure that you’re leaning on a tax professional who will catch those expenses because a lot of people are paying too much.

Elizabeth Ayoola:

Thanks for sharing all of those incredible ways that people can reduce their taxes. Can you tell me about some other deductions or ways that people can reduce their self-employed taxes?

Krystal Todd:

Yeah, so a really neat one is making sure you hire your family in any capacity that you can. Now, of course, there’s some caveats here. You have to make sure you’re paying them a reasonable wage. So if they’re just an administrator, you can’t pay them multiple six figures. It has to be reasonable, but to the extent that it’s reasonable, you can actually hire them on. And I especially love this with kids.

So as an example of my own life, I hire my daughter and she’ll help me with my videos, she’ll help me with setup. She helps me with product development, and she’s been featured in a few of my videos online. So I will pay her. She’s a 1099 worker, so it’s not a W-2, so it’s simple. I just have to give her a check, and what I love about that is that I get to reduce my taxes, and this is more like W-2, but either way, we all get a standard deduction.

If I pay my child up to the standard deduction amount, which was just a little over $13,000 for 2023. If I pay her $13,000, I get to reduce my taxable income by that same $13,000. She pays no taxes on it because of the standard deduction, which basically is the IRS giving you some credits for having a kid or just whatever else is happening in life. They say, “Here’s just one flat rate. You just take that.” So she doesn’t pay taxes on that, and then I can put it into a custodial IRA for her and it’ll grow tax-free because it’s Roth. You’re saving money, they’re not paying any taxes, I mean, that’s a really good tax loophole there.

Elizabeth Ayoola:

For sure, for sure. And speaking of which, since we’re on the topic of deductions, I know sometimes people go a little over the top with these deductions, forgetting that the IRS does audit people. I know recently I’ve seen something floating around on social media about being able to buy a Mercedes Benz, also known as G-Wagon, and write it off using your taxes. And the rules for this are really complicated, so make sure to work with the CPA if you’re thinking about doing it. So is this true? And if it is, what is the catch?

Krystal Todd:

There are some caveats. It must be used in business. You can’t just buy a G-Wagon, you never drive in it. If you’re a realtor, for example, that might make sense. You have an image. If you’re a realtor, you’re selling million-dollar homes, you want to look the part. That might make sense. But if you’re a content creator working at home, you never go in the car to do anything, you cannot do that. In the eyes of the IRS that is illegal, so you have to make sure that it’s being used for business use. It doesn’t have to be exclusively, but if it is half business, half personal, you’ll have to adjust your taxes to account for that.

Elizabeth Ayoola:

So sorry to get into the nitty-gritty, but when you say business use, someone might say, “Oh, I have a meeting, I don’t know, once a month, and I’m driving it to my meeting.” A content creator. Does the IRS get into the details of how frequently you’re using the car?

Krystal Todd:

Yes, and the location. So if you’re driving from your home to a meeting, that doesn’t count. It’s only if you’re going from, let’s say, your primary job to your second job. Then that could actually be considered a deductible expense. So yeah, they’re very particular about what you’re using it for, where you’re driving from, and if you get audited, you better be prepared.

Elizabeth Ayoola:

So can you tell us, on that note, some major red flags or even myths that you hear of when it comes to tax deductions?

Krystal Todd:

Yes. I think that people think they could just deduct anything because it’s eligible. The government makes you go through hoops, especially after the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act where the standard deduction was doubled. They’re really trying hard to make you just take the standard deduction and just take that and go.

If you’re saying, “No, I’ve had more than $13,000 worth of expenses,” you might have. That doesn’t mean they’re all going to be eligible. So for example, for health costs that you’ve spent, maybe you spent $10,000 in health expenses for this year, but the government does not give you dollar for dollar, and if you take that, it has to be itemized. So you might do all this work trying to itemize your deductions and you were better off taking the standard deduction because they make you go through a lot of different hoops. There’s percentages, there’s phase-outs if you’re making a certain amount of money. So it’s super, super nuanced, and just circling back to what we talked about earlier as far as DIY goes, if you’re in that situation, unless you’re going to really put the effort into research, you probably are better off just getting someone who already has done this before and they’re comfortable with it because of all those different nuanced requirements that they have.

Elizabeth Ayoola:

So in the spirit of… Well, I don’t want to say in the spirit of getting audited because I don’t think anyone wants to get audited, but just in case, give us some bookkeeping tips. I’m still refining my bookkeeping because it’s just not my strong area, but what are some bookkeeping tips so that if the IRS comes knocking, people are ready?

Krystal Todd:

I strongly suggest getting software. If you have a software, you’re able to attach receipts directly to it. They’ll organize it for you. If you’re not someone who’s too familiar with income statements and cash flows and all of that, they prepare those documents for you. That by far has dramatically changed my business. And also having separate accounts. You can’t even imagine how many people will dig through their personal account looking for business expenses. Even if you’re just starting out, from the decision you’ve made to take this business seriously, please get your EIN so you can open up your business bank account, and that way everything is just flowing through one account. Lean on these different tools that will organize it for you and just be sure to keep receipts.

I would say you should be at least monthly. All these billion-dollar corporations, I mean, they’re doing things very frequently, but every single month we are balancing the books, we are going over our expenses and then we’re tax planning. So many people wait until the end of the year and then it just becomes a hassle. So to the extent that you can, get it done monthly. That is the best advice I have so you’re not stressing yourself out during these times.

Elizabeth Ayoola:

We’re in a very tech-savvy age, so how are digital receipts? So every time maybe you make a purchase or whatever, just keeping a digital file of your stuff.

Krystal Todd:

Yes, absolutely. And let’s say maybe you’re not ready for the software. That’s what I was doing when I first started out and I wasn’t too sure. Just a simple folder in your computer would work. Document everything in the moment as it happens, that way nothing is slipping through the cracks and you should be in good shape.

Elizabeth Ayoola:

So the last question I have, because in this series we’re trying to cover people who also have how they can manage your finances when they have inconsistent income. So for someone who has inconsistent income throughout the year, maybe they don’t make as much during the beginning of the year, but let’s say halfway through the year they land a huge contract.

How do they budget then for self-employed taxes or estimated taxes, rather? Because I know that’s based on how much you think you’re going to make, but you don’t always know. So maybe you’ve been underpaying for the first half of the year and then the end of the year comes. How do you manage that?

Krystal Todd:

I always say be as conservative as possible. It’s kind of like a dual opinion I have here because on one end, you don’t want to give the government an interest-free loan. That’s essentially what you’re doing when you get a tax refund. But on the other end, you also don’t want to deal with owing money, maybe being penalized and then having to pay that next year. So to the extent that you can, I would say be as conservative as possible when it comes to paying your taxes. Again, there’s different software that’ll help you establish what you should be paying. When you get that windfall, you weren’t really expecting it, right? So I like to live off of my most conservative amount of money.

So let’s say maybe it’s $10,000 a month. If I made $20,000 a month, I will ignore that $10,000 and put it to the side just because you’ll have that extra cushion to keep you protected in the event that you have a windfall you don’t expect. That happened to me last year, actually. I had quite the windfall and I wasn’t expecting it, but I had practiced what I preach and I had some money to the side, so it was okay. So whenever you get those large sums of money, pretend like you didn’t. Just live conservatively and then once a year is done, once you calculate your taxes and you pay it, then you can enjoy the rest. So it’s delayed gratification.

Elizabeth Ayoola:

Oh, I like that as a way of looking at it. And one day when I was complaining about my taxes, I remember someone saying, “The brighter side of that is that you made more money.” So we welcome a windfall, we just have to prepare for those windfalls.

Krystal Todd:

This is a little bit more technical, but something that I love because this again happened to me last year. Let’s say seasonality is something that your company is affected by. Maybe you get a big windfall of purchases or something at the end of the year. In certain circumstances, it might be best to ask them to pay you next year, right?

If you are a cash-basis type of accounting, you won’t get taxed unless you actually receive the money. So maybe you did make that revenue, but if you can have it pushed off to the next year because you didn’t expect that windfall and you don’t want to necessarily deal with the influx of the money you have to pay for those taxes, maybe you can have your customers pay you January 1st or January 2nd. That way you’re not going to be affected by that surprise, and that’s 100% legal. You can delay that or you can bring forward some expenses too.

This only works if, again, you are a cash basis, but if you want to pay something off for the whole year, you’ll be able to deduct that even if the whole year hasn’t actually happened yet. So there’s different ways towards the end of the year to try to get some last minute things in just to further insulate yourself.

Elizabeth Ayoola:

Love that. Those are some really, really good tips and a reminder of why it’s good to talk to CPAs. Do you have any final words of wisdom or anything that people might not be thinking about relating to self-employed taxes that you want to share?

Krystal Todd:

Yes. You are the driver. A lot of times people will shy away from it because it is intimidating, but in the age of information that we’re in right now, there is an influx of free information online. This is an example of one of them. Don’t be paralyzed by fear. Really lean into it because the difference between small business, and I really don’t use that word lightly because no matter if you’re small or big, you have to do the same exact stuff. So why even identify with your revenue or the size of your company? But a business is a business, and these larger companies become larger because they are hands-on and they’re very proactive with how they’re managing their money.

So I suggest that you do so too and do not be afraid of delegation. I, in other areas of life, have not delegated, and that is what comes back to haunt you. So you don’t have to do it all on your own. There are free resources, there are paid resources. Definitely make sure you’re just taking advantage of what you can take advantage of and you’re planning so that you can not be surprised with tax bills at the end of the year.

Elizabeth Ayoola:

Yes, absolutely. Echoing what Krystal said, you do not have to do it alone, and that is something that has made taxes a lot less daunting for me. Thank you, thank you, thank you, Krystal. This was so informative. I have learned so many new things that I’m going to apply when it comes time to do my self-employed taxes, so thank you. Thank you for coming.

Krystal Todd:

You’re so welcome. Thank you for having me, and good luck everybody in this tax season.

Sean Pyles:

Elizabeth, I never thought I’d say this, but that was actually a super interesting conversation about taxes. I am someone who was a planner in all aspects of my life, and like Krystal said, planning ahead with your taxes is so key whether you’re finding deductions, hiring your family, or making quarterly tax payments, but also there is a big difference between planning and scheming. I’m so glad that you guys talked about that viral G-Wagon tax hack because I have seen that so many times on TikTok. I have been really worried about people getting themselves into a world of trouble with their taxes.

Elizabeth Ayoola:

I’m telling you, on the journey of self-employment, I have realized that there are some things that are not too good to be true, but other things are too good to be true, and I think that’s one of them.

So while taxes can be a snooze fest, I think learning about ways to save and avoid penalties will always grab my attention. I love all the tax saving strategies that Krystal shared, and also the deduction red flags to look out for. I mean, for me, this episode was also a reminder about how important it is to talk to a tax professional who has extensive knowledge, and that’s even if you’re a DIY type person.

I feel more confident about filing my self-employed taxes now because of all the information we just got. But Sean, before we go, I do want to mention one development that we didn’t address with Krystal.

Sean Pyles:

What is that?

Elizabeth Ayoola:

Well, starting this year, there’s a new law called the Corporate Transparency Act. And what that says is that anyone with an official business designation, especially a one or two-person LLC, is going to want to be aware of.

This is an effort to stem money laundering and tax evasion in the small business category, and basically you have to file some extra paperwork with the Treasury Department called a Beneficial Ownership Information Report. If you don’t do that, you could be fined $500 and possibly get up to two years jail time, and don’t nobody want two years jail time.

Sean Pyles:

Elizabeth Ayoola:

Nobody. So definitely talk to your tax accountant and or your business attorney about that.

Sean Pyles:

Yourself included, Elizabeth. I do not want you to go to jail, so please get this done.

Well, thanks for that information. Elizabeth, please tell us what’s coming up in episode three of this series.

Elizabeth Ayoola:

Sean, we are all about getting to retirement here on Smart Money, but saving for it can often be an extra challenge when you are self-employed. We’re going to walk listeners through their options and how to make sure you’re planning for the future, even while you’re going into business for yourself.

Ayesha Selden:

If I can get to 10%, a double-digit percentage of my pay, of my gross pay, my pre-tax pay, I’m in the right ballpark. If you are self-employed, then the onus is on you, of course, to put in everything into your own personal retirement plan.

Elizabeth Ayoola:

For now, that’s all we have for this episode. Do you have a money question of your own? If you do, turn to the Nerds and call or text us your questions at 901-730-6373. That’s 901-730-NERD. You can also email us at [email protected]. You can also visit nerdwallet.com/podcast for more information on this particular episode. And remember to follow, rate, and review us wherever you’re getting this podcast.

Sean Pyles:

This episode was produced by Tess Vigeland. I helped with editing, Courtney Neidel helped with fact checking, Sara Brink mixed our audio, and a big thank you to NerdWallet’s editors for all their help.

Elizabeth Ayoola:

And here’s our brief disclaimer. We are not financial or investment advisors. This nerdy info is provided for general educational and entertainment purposes, and it may not apply to your specific circumstances.

Sean Pyles:

And with that said, until next time, turn to the Nerds.

Source: nerdwallet.com

Apache is functioning normally

February 8, 2024 by Brett Tams

What’s the Difference Between a 403(b) and a Roth IRA?

A 403(b) and a Roth IRA account are both tax-advantaged retirement plans, but they are quite different — especially regarding the amount you can contribute annually, and the tax implications for each.

Generally speaking, a 403(b) allows you to save more, and your taxable income is reduced by the amount you contribute to the plan (potentially lowering your tax bill). A Roth IRA has much lower contribution limits, but because you’re saving after-tax money, it grows tax free — and you don’t pay taxes on the withdrawals.

In some cases, you may not need to choose between a Roth IRA vs. a 403(b) — the best choice may be to contribute to both types of accounts. In order to decide, it’s important to consider how these accounts are structured and what the rules are for each.

Comparing How a 403(b) and a Roth IRA Work

When it comes to a 403(b) vs Roth IRA, the two are very different.

A 403(b) account is quite similar to a 401(k), as both are tax-deferred types of retirement plans and have similar contribution limits. A Roth IRA, though, follows a very different set of rules.

403(b) Overview

Similar to a 401(k), a 403(b) retirement plan is a tax-deferred account sponsored by an individual’s employer. An individual may contribute a portion of their salary and also receive matching contributions from their employer.

An employee’s contributions are deducted — this is known as a salary reduction contribution and deposited in the 403(b) pre-tax, where they grow tax-free, until retirement (which is why these accounts are called “tax deferred”). Individuals then withdraw the funds, and pay ordinary income tax at their current rate.

Although 403(b) accounts share some features with 401(k)s, there are some distinctions.

Eligibility

The main difference between 403(b) and 401(k) accounts is that 401(k)s are offered by for-profit businesses and 403(b)s are only available to employees of:

• Public schools, including public colleges and universities

• hurches or associations of churches

• Tax-exempt 501(c)(3) charitable organizations

Early Withdrawals

Typically, individuals face a 10% penalty if they withdraw their money before age 59 ½. Exceptions apply in some circumstances. Be sure to consult with your plan sponsor about the rules.

Contribution Limits and Rules

There are also some different contribution rules for 403(b) accounts. The cap for a 403(b) is the same as it is for a 401(k): $23,000 in 2024 and $22,500 in 2023. And if you’re 50 or older you can also make an additional catch-up contribution of up to $7,500 in 2024 and 2023.

In the case of a 403(b), though, if it’s permitted by the 403(b) plan, participants with at least 15 years of service with their employer can make another catch-up contribution above the annual limit, as long as it’s the lesser of the following options:

• $15,000, reduced by the amount of employee contributions made in prior years because of this rule

• $5,000, times the number of years of service, minus the employee’s total contributions from previous years

• $3,000

The wrinkle here is that if you’re over 50, and you have at least 15 years of service, you must do the 15-year catch-up contribution first, before you can take advantage of the 50-plus catch-up contribution of up to $7,500.

Roth IRA Overview

Roth IRAs are different from tax-deferred accounts like 403(b)s, 401(k)s, and other types of retirement accounts. With all types of Roth accounts — including a Roth 401(k) and a Roth 403(b) — you contribute after-tax money. And when you withdraw the money in retirement, it’s tax free.

Eligibility

Unlike employer-sponsored retirement plans, Roth IRAs fall under the IRS category of “Individual Retirement Arrangements,” and thus are set up and managed by the individual. Thus, anyone with earned income can open a Roth IRA through a bank, brokerage, or other financial institution that offers them.

Contribution Limits and Rules

Your ability to contribute to a Roth, however, is limited by your income level.

• For 2024, if you’re married filing jointly, you can contribute the maximum to a Roth if your modified adjusted gross income (MAGI) is less than $230,000. If your income is between $230,000 and $240,000 you can contribute a reduced amount.

• For single filers in 2024, your income must be less than $146,000 to contribute the maximum to a Roth, with reduced contributions up to $161,000.

• For 2023, if you’re married filing jointly, you can contribute the maximum to a Roth if your modified adjusted gross income (MAGI) is less than $218,000. If your income is between $218,000 and $228,000 you can contribute a reduced amount.

• For single filers in 2023, your income must be less than $138,000 to contribute the maximum to a Roth, with reduced contributions up to $153,000.

Is your retirement piggy bank feeling light?

Start saving today with a Roth or Traditional IRA.

Roth 403(b) vs Roth IRA: Are They the Same?

No. A Roth 403(b) does adhere to the familiar Roth structure — the individual makes after-tax contributions, and withdraws their money tax free in retirement — but otherwise these accounts are similar to regular 403(b)s.

• The annual contribution limits are the same: $23,000 with a catch-up contribution of $7,500 for those 50 and older for 2024; $22,500 with a catch-up contribution of $7,500 for those 50 and older for 2023.

• There are no income limits for Roth 403(b) accounts.

Also, a Roth 403(b) is like a Roth 401(k) in that both these accounts are subject to required minimum distribution rules (RMDs), whereas a regular Roth IRA does not have RMDs.

One possible workaround: You may be able to rollover a Roth 403(b)/401(k) to a Roth IRA — similar to the process of rolling over a regular 401(k) to a traditional IRA when you leave your job or retire.

That way, your nest egg wouldn’t be subject to 401(k) RMD rules.

Finally, another similarity between Roth 403(b) and 401(k) accounts: Even though the money you deposit is after tax, any employer matching contributions are not; they’re typically made on a pre-tax basis. So, you must pay taxes on those matching contributions and earnings when taking retirement withdrawals. (It sounds like a headache, but your employer deposits those contributions in a separate account, so it’s relatively straightforward to know which withdrawals are tax free and which require you to pay taxes.)
💡 Quick Tip: Investment fees are assessed in different ways, including trading costs, account management fees, and possibly broker commissions. When you set up an investment account, be sure to get the exact breakdown of your “all-in costs” so you know what you’re paying.

Which Is Better, a 403(b) or Roth IRA?

It’s not a matter of which is “better” — as discussed above, the accounts are quite different. Deciding which one to use, or whether to combine both as part of your plan, boils down to your tax and withdrawal strategies for your retirement.

To make an informed decision about which retirement plan is right for you, it can be helpful to conduct a side-by-side comparison of both plans. This chart breaks down some of the main differences, giving you a better understanding of these types of retirement plans, so that you can weigh the pros and cons of a Roth IRA vs. 403(b).

	403(b)	Roth IRA
Who can participate?	Employees of the following types of organizations: • Public school systems, if involved in day-to-day operations • Public schools operated by Indian tribal governments • Cooperative hospitals and • Civilian employees of the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences • Certain ministers and chaplains • Tax-exempt charities established under IRC Section 501(c)(3)	Individuals earning less than the following amounts: • Single filers earning less than $146,000 for 2024 (those earning $146,000 or more but less than $161,000 may contribute a reduced amount) • Married joint filers earning less than $230,000 for 2024 (those earning $230,000 or more but less than $240,000 may contribute a reduced amount) • Single filers earning less than $138,000 for 2023 (those earning $138,000 or more but less than $153,000 may contribute a reduced amount) • Married joint filers earning less than $218,000 for 2023 (those earning $218,000 or more but less than $228,000 may contribute a reduced amount)
Are contributions tax deductible?	Yes	No
Are qualified distributions taxed?	Yes	No (if not qualified, distribution may be taxable in part)
Annual individual contribution limit	$23,000 for 2024 (plus catch-up contributions of $7,500 for those 50 and older) $22,500 for 2023 (plus catch-up contributions up to $7,500 for those age 50 and older)	$7,000 for 2024 (individuals 50 and older may contribute $8,000) $6,500 for 2023 (individuals 50 and older may contribute $7,500)
Are early withdrawals allowed?	Depends on individual plan terms and may be subject to a 10% penalty	Yes, though account earnings may be subject to a 10% penalty if funds are withdrawn before account owner is 59 ½
Plan administered by	Employer	The individual’s chosen financial institution
Investment options	Employee chooses based on investments available through the plan	Up to the individual, though certain types of investments (collectibles, life insurance) are prohibited
Fees	Varies depending on plan terms and investments	Varies depending on financial institution and investments
Portability	As with other employee-sponsored plans, individual must roll their account into another fund or cash out when switching employers	Yes
Subject to RMD rules	Yes	No

Pros and Cons of a 403(b) and a Roth IRA

There are positives to both a 403(b) and a Roth IRA — and because it’s possible for qualified individuals to open a Roth IRA and a 403(b), some people may decide that their best strategy is to use both. Here’s a side-by-side comparison of a 403(b) vs. a Roth IRA:

	403(b)	Roth IRA
Pros	• Contributions are automatically deducted from your paycheck • Earning less during retirement may mean an individual pays less in taxes • Employer may offer matching contributions • Higher annual contribution limit than a Roth IRA	• More investment options to choose from • Withdrawal of contributions are not taxed; withdrawal of earnings are not taxed under certain conditions and/or after age 59 ½ • Account belongs to the owner
Cons	• May have limited investment options • May charge high fees • There may be a 10% penalty on funds withdrawn before age 59 ½	• Has an income limit • Maximum contribution amount is low • Contributions aren’t tax deductible

403(b)

Roth IRA

Pros

• Contributions are automatically deducted from your paycheck

• Earning less during retirement may mean an individual pays less in taxes

• Employer may offer matching contributions

• Higher annual contribution limit than a Roth IRA

• More investment options to choose from

• Withdrawal of contributions are not taxed; withdrawal of earnings are not taxed under certain conditions and/or after age 59 ½

• Account belongs to the owner

Cons

• May have limited investment options

• May charge high fees

• There may be a 10% penalty on funds withdrawn before age 59 ½

• Has an income limit

• Maximum contribution amount is low

• Contributions aren’t tax deductible

Pros of 403(b)

• Contributions are automatically deducted by an employer from the individual’s paycheck, which can make it easier to save.

• If an individual earns less money annually in retirement than during their working years, deferring taxes may mean they ultimately pay less in taxes.

• Some employers offer matching contributions, meaning for every dollar an employee contributes, the employer may match some or all of it, up to a certain percentage.

• Higher annual contribution limit than a Roth IRA.

Pros of Roth IRAs

• Individuals can invest with any financial institution and thus will likely have many more investment options when opening up their Roth IRA.

• Withdrawal of contributions are not taxed; withdrawal of earnings are not taxed under certain conditions and/or after age 59 ½.

• Account belongs to the owner and is not affected if the individual changes jobs.

There are also some disadvantages to both types of accounts, however.
💡 Quick Tip: How much does it cost to set up an IRA? Often there are no fees to open an IRA, but you typically pay investment costs for the securities in your portfolio.

Cons of 403(b)s

• There are limited investment options with 403(b)s.

• Some 403(b) plans charge high fees.

• Individuals typically pay a 10% penalty on funds withdrawn before age 59 ½. However, there may be some exceptions under the rule of 55 for retirement.

Cons of Roth IRAs

• There’s an income limit to a Roth IRA, as discussed above.

• The maximum contribution amount is fairly low.

• Contributions are not tax deductible.

Choosing Between a Roth IRA and 403(b)

When considering whether to fund a 403(b) account or a Roth IRA, there’s no right choice, per se — the correct answer boils down to which approach works for you. You might prefer the automatic payroll deductions, the ability to save more, and, if it applies, the employer match of a 403(b).

Or you might gravitate toward the more independent setup of your own Roth IRA, where you have a wider array of investment options and greater flexibility around withdrawals (Roth contributions can be withdrawn at any time, although earnings can’t).

Or it might come down to your tax strategy: It may be more important for you to save in a 403(b), and reduce your taxable income in the present. Conversely, you may want to contribute to a Roth IRA, despite the lower contribution limit, because withdrawals are tax free in retirement.

Really, though, it’s possible to have the best of both worlds by investing in both types of accounts, as long as you don’t exceed the annual contribution limits.

Investing With SoFi

Because 403(b)s and Roth IRAs are complementary in some ways (one being tax-deferred, the other not), it’s possible to fund both a 403(b) and a Roth IRA.

Ready to invest for your retirement? It’s easy to get started when you open a traditional or Roth IRA with SoFi. SoFi doesn’t charge commissions, but other fees apply (full fee disclosure here.)

Easily manage your retirement savings with a SoFi IRA.

FAQ

Which is better: a 403(b) or a Roth IRA?

Neither plan is necessarily better. A 403(b) and a Roth IRA are very different types of accounts. A 403(b) has automatic payroll deductions, the possibility of an employer match, and your contributions are tax deductible. A Roth IRA gives you more control, a greater choice of investment options, and the ability to withdraw contributions (but not earnings) now, plus tax free withdrawals in retirement. It can actually be beneficial to have both types of accounts, as long as you don’t exceed the annual contribution limits.

Should you open a Roth IRA if you have a 403(b)?

You can open a Roth IRA if you have a 403(b). In fact it may make sense to have both, since each plan has different advantages. You may get an employer match with a 403(b), for instance, and your contributions are tax deductible. A Roth IRA gives you more investment options to choose from and tax-free withdrawals in retirement. In the end, it really depends on your personal financial situation and preference. Be sure to weigh all the pros and cons of each plan.

When should you convert your 403(b) to a Roth IRA?

If you are leaving your job or you’re at least 59 ½ years old, you may want to convert your 403(b) to a Roth IRA to avoid taking the required minimum distributions (RMDs) that come with pre-tax plans starting at age 73. However, because you are moving pre-tax dollars to a post-tax account, you’ll be required to pay taxes on the money. Speak to a financial advisor to determine whether converting to a Roth IRA makes sense for you and ways you may be able to minimize your tax bill.

SoFi Invest®
SoFi Invest refers to the two investment and trading platforms operated by Social Finance, Inc. and its affiliates (described below). Individual customer accounts may be subject to the terms applicable to one or more of the platforms below.

1) Automated Investing and advisory services are provided by SoFi Wealth LLC, an SEC-registered investment adviser (“SoFi Wealth“). Brokerage services are provided to SoFi Wealth LLC by SoFi Securities LLC.

2) Active Investing and brokerage services are provided by SoFi Securities LLC, Member FINRA(www.finra.org)/SIPC(www.sipc.org). Clearing and custody of all securities are provided by APEX Clearing Corporation.

For additional disclosures related to the SoFi Invest platforms described above, including state licensure of SoFi Digital Assets, LLC, please visit SoFi.com/legal.

Neither the Investment Advisor Representatives of SoFi Wealth, nor the Registered Representatives of SoFi Securities are compensated for the sale of any product or service sold through any SoFi Invest platform. Information related to lending products contained herein should not be construed as an offer or pre-qualification for any loan product offered by SoFi Bank, N.A.

Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

Tax Information: This article provides general background information only and is not intended to serve as legal or tax advice or as a substitute for legal counsel. You should consult your own attorney and/or tax advisor if you have a question requiring legal or tax advice.

SOIN0224006

Source: sofi.com

Apache is functioning normally

February 3, 2024 by Brett Tams

A SIMPLE IRA, or Savings Incentive Match Plan for Employees, is a way for self-employed individuals and small business employers to set up a retirement plan.

It’s one of a number of tax-advantaged retirement plans that may be available to those who are self-employed, along with solo 401(k)s, and traditional IRAs. These plans share a number of similarities. Like 401(k)s, SIMPLE IRAs are employer-sponsored (if you’re self-employed, you would be the employer in this case), and like other IRAs they give employees some flexibility in choosing their investments.

SIMPLE IRA contribution limits are one of the main differences between accounts: meaning, how much individuals can contribute themselves, and whether there’s an employer contribution component as well.

Here’s a look at the rules for SIMPLE IRAs.

SIMPLE IRA Basics

SIMPLE IRAs are a type of employer-sponsored retirement account. Employers who want to offer one cannot have another retirement plan in place already, and they must typically have 100 employees or less.

Employers are required to contribute to SIMPLE IRA plans, while employees can elect to do so, as a way to save for retirement.

Employees can usually participate in a SIMPLE IRA if they have made $5,000 in any two calendar years before the current year, or if they expect to receive $5,000 in compensation in the current year.

An employee’s income doesn’t affect SIMPLE IRA contribution limits.
💡 Quick Tip: Investment fees are assessed in different ways, including trading costs, account management fees, and possibly broker commissions. When you set up an investment account, be sure to get the exact breakdown of your “all-in costs” so you know what you’re paying.

SIMPLE IRA Contribution Limits, 2023 and 2024

Employee contributions to SIMPLE IRAs are made with pre-tax dollars. They are typically taken directly from an employee’s paycheck, and they can reduce taxable income in the year the contributions are made, often reducing the amount of taxes owed.

Once deposited in the SIMPLE IRA account, contributions can be invested, and those investments can grow tax deferred until it comes time to make withdrawals in retirement. Individuals can start making withdrawals penalty free at age 59 ½. But withdrawals made before then may be subject to a 10% or 25% early withdrawal penalty.

Employee contributions are capped. For 2023, contributions cannot exceed $15,500 for most people. For 2024, it’s $16,000. Employees who are age 50 and over can make additional catch-up contributions of $3,500 for 2023 and 2024, bringing their total contribution limit to $19,000 in 2023 and $19,500 in 2024.

See the chart below for SIMPLE IRA contribution limits for 2023 and 2024.

	2023	2024
Annual contribution limit	$15,500	$16,000
Catch-up contribution for age 50 and older	$3,500	$3,500

Employer vs Employee Contribution Limits

Employers are required to contribute to each one of their employees’ SIMPLE plans each year, and each plan must be treated the same, including an employer’s own.

There are two options available for contributions: Employers may either make matching contributions of up to 3% of employee compensation — or they may make a 2% nonelective contribution for each eligible employee.

If an employer chooses the first option, call it option A, they have to make a dollar-for-dollar match of each employee’s contribution, up to 3% of employee compensation. (If the employer chooses option B, the nonelective contribution, this requirement doesn’t apply.) An employer can offer smaller matches, but they must match at least 1% for no more than two out of every five years.

In option A, if an employee doesn’t make a contribution to their SIMPLE account, the employer does not have to contribute either.

In the second option, option B: Employers can choose to make nonelective contributions of 2% of each individual employee’s compensation. If an employer chooses this option, they must make a contribution whether or not an employee makes one as well.

Contributions are limited. Employers may make a 2% contribution up to $330,000 in employee compensation for 2023, and up to $345,000 in employee compensation for 2024.

(The 3% matching contribution rule for option A is not subject to this same annual compensation limit.)

Whatever contributions employers make to their employees’ plans are tax deductible. And if you’re a sole proprietor you can deduct the employer contributions you make for yourself.

See the chart below for employer contribution limits for 2023 and 2024.

	2023	2024
Matching contribution	Up to 3% of employee contribution	Up to 3% of employee contribution
Nonelective contribution	2% of employee compensation up to $330,000	2% of employee compensation up to $345,000

SIMPLE IRA vs 401(k) Contribution Limits

There are other options for employer-sponsored retirement plans, including the 401(k), which differs from an IRA in some significant ways.

Like SIMPLE IRAs, 401(k) contributions are made with pre-tax dollars, and money in the account grows tax deferred. Withdrawals are taxed at ordinary income tax rates, and individuals can begin making them penalty-free at age 59 ½.

Contribution limits for 401(k)s are much higher than for SIMPLE IRAs. In 2023, individuals could contribute up to $22,500 to their 401(k) plans. Plan participants age 50 and older could make $7,500 in catch-up contributions for a total of $30,000 per year. In 2024, individuals can contribute $23,000 to their 401(k), and those 50 and older can make $7,500 in catch-up contributions for a total of $30,500.

Employers may also choose to contribute to their employees’ 401(k) plans through matching contributions or non-elective contributions. Employees often use matching contributions to incentivize their employees to save, and individuals should try to save enough each year to meet their employer’s matching requirements.

Employers may also make nonelective contributions regardless of whether an employee has made contributions of their own. Total employee and employer contributions could equal up to $66,000 in 2023, or 100% of an employee’s compensation, whichever is less. For those aged 50 and older, that figure jumped to $73,500. In 2024, total employee and employer contributions are $69,000, or $76,500 for those 50 and up.

As a result of these higher contribution limits, 401(k)s can help individuals save quite a bit more than they could with a SIMPLE IRA. See chart below for a side-by-side comparison of 401(k) and SIMPLE IRA contribution limits.

	SIMPLE IRA 2023	SIMPLE IRA 2024	401(k) 2023	401(k) 2024
Annual contribution limit	$15,500	$16,000	$22,500	$23,000
Catch-up contribution	$3,500	$3,500	$7,500	$7,500
Employer Contribution	Up to 3% of employee contribution, or 2% of employee compensation up to $330,000	Up to 3% of employee contribution, or 2% of employee compensation up to $345,000	Matching and nonelective contributions up to $66,000	Matching and nonelective contributions up to $69,000.

💡 Quick Tip: The advantage of opening a Roth IRA and a tax-deferred account like a 401(k) or traditional IRA is that by the time you retire, you’ll have tax-free income from your Roth, and taxable income from the tax-deferred account. This can help with tax planning.

SIMPLE IRA vs Traditional IRA Contribution Limits

Individuals who want to save more in tax-deferred retirement accounts than they’re able to in a SIMPLE IRA alone can consider opening an IRA account. Regular IRAs come in two flavors: traditional and Roth IRA.

Traditional IRAs

When considering SIMPLE vs. traditional IRAs, the two actually work similarly. However, contribution limits for traditional accounts are quite a bit lower. For 2023, individuals could contribute $6,500, or $7,500 for those 50 and older. In 2024, individuals can contribute $7,000, or $8,000 for those 50 and older.

That said, when paired with a SIMPLE IRA, individuals could make $22,000 in total contributions in 2023, which is almost as much as with a 401(K). In 2024, they could make $23,000 in total contributions, which is the same as a 401(k).

Roth IRAs

Roth IRAs work a little bit differently.

Contributions to Roths are made with after-tax dollars. Money inside the account grows-tax free and individuals pay no income tax when they make withdrawals after age 59 ½. Early withdrawals may be subject to penalty. Because individuals pay no income tax on withdrawals in retirement, Roth IRAs may be a consideration for those who anticipate being in a higher tax bracket when they retire.

Roth contributions limits are the same as traditional IRAs. Individuals are allowed to have both Roth and traditional accounts at the same time. However, total contributions are cumulative across accounts.

See the chart for a look at SIMPLE IRA vs. traditional and Roth IRA contribution limits.

	SIMPLE IRA 2023	SIMPLE IRA 2024	Traditional and Roth IRA 2023	Traditional and Roth IRA 2024
Annual contribution limit	$15,500	$16,000	$6,500	$7,000
Catch-up contribution	$3,500	$3,500	$1,000	$1,000
Employer Contribution	Up to 3% of employee contribution, or 2% of employee compensation up to $330,000	Up to 3% of employee contribution, or 2% of employee compensation up to $345,000	None	None

The Takeaway

SIMPLE IRAs are an easy way for employers and employees to save for retirement — especially those who are self-employed (or for companies with under 100 employees). In fact, a SIMPLE IRA gives employers two ways to help employees save for retirement — by a direct matching contribution of up to 3% (assuming the employee is also contributing to their SIMPLE IRA account), or by providing a basic 2% contribution for all employees, regardless of whether the employees themselves are contributing.

While SIMPLE IRAs don’t offer the same high contribution limits that 401(k)s do, individuals who want to save more can compensate by opening a traditional or Roth IRA on their own.

Ready to invest in your goals? It’s easy to get started when you open an investment account with SoFi Invest. You can invest in stocks, exchange-traded funds (ETFs), mutual funds, alternative funds, and more. SoFi doesn’t charge commissions, but other fees apply (full fee disclosure here).

Invest with as little as $5 with a SoFi Active Investing account.

Photo credit: iStock/FatCamera

SOIN1023162

Source: sofi.com

Apache is functioning normally

February 1, 2024 by Brett Tams

Imagine slashing your monthly mortgage payment to zero or, better yet, turning a profit from the very place you call home. This isn’t a daydream for the financially savvy few; it’s the reality of house hacking.

Through the eyes of those who’ve made it work, house hacking transforms your living situation into an opportunity for financial freedom. From young professionals to families, people across the country are finding that their biggest expense—housing—can actually become their biggest asset.

What is house hacking?

House hacking is a strategy that involves purchasing a primary residence with the intention of living in one part while renting out the rest as a rental property. This could mean buying a multifamily home and living in one unit, renting out the others, or even renting out spare bedrooms in a single-family home. The rent collected from tenants goes towards the mortgage and other property-related expenses, potentially allowing the owner to live for free or even make a profit.

A Spectrum of Possibilities

The beauty of house hacking lies in its flexibility. Here are a few scenarios to illustrate its range:

The Multi-Unit Maven: Alex buys a duplex, lives in one unit, and rents out the other. The rent from the second unit covers the mortgage, meaning Alex lives mortgage-free.
The Single-Family Sharer: Jamie purchases a four-bedroom house, occupies one room, and rents out the other three. The rental income covers all housing costs.
The Basement Dweller: Casey acquires a home with a separate basement apartment. Living in the basement, Casey rents out the main floor, using the rent to pay the mortgage and save for future investments.

These examples highlight how you can house hack to adapt to different housing markets, personal living preferences, and financial goals. Whether you’re drawn to the idea of living rent-free, eager to dive into real estate investment, or looking for a way to reduce your housing expenses, house hacking offers a practical path to achieving your objectives.

Tailoring the Strategy to Your Lifestyle

Choosing the right house hacking approach depends on your lifestyle, financial goals, and how comfortable you are sharing your space. Considerations include the type of investment property, your desired level of interaction with tenants, and local market conditions. The key is to find a balance that works for you, ensuring your home remains a comfortable place for you while optimizing its income potential.

By embracing the concept of house hacking, you can transform your approach to homeownership, turning a typically expensive part of your life into a source of income. With careful planning and a bit of creativity, your journey towards financial independence might just start at your own front door.

Benefits of House Hacking

House hacking isn’t just a real estate strategy; it’s a lifestyle adjustment that opens doors to numerous financial and personal benefits. Let’s dive into the advantages, supported by real-world examples and data, to understand why so many are turning to house hacking as a way to improve their financial health.

Financial Freedom Faster

One of the most compelling benefits of house hacking is the accelerated path it provides toward financial freedom. By significantly reducing or eliminating one of life’s largest expenses—housing—you can allocate funds towards paying down debt, investing, or saving for future goals.

For instance, consider the case of Sam, who purchased a triplex, lived in one unit, and rented out the other two. The rental income not only covered the mortgage but also allowed Sam to save an additional $1,000 a month. This extra savings contributed to Sam’s ability to retire early, a dream that seemed unreachable before house hacking.

Access to Better Financing Options

House hackers often enjoy more favorable financing terms. Owner-occupants can qualify for lower down payments and better interest rates compared to traditional investment property loans.

For example, an FHA loan might require as little as 3.5% down for a multi-unit property, provided one of the units will be owner-occupied. This lower barrier to entry makes real estate investment accessible to more people. Data shows that owner-occupied financing options can save homeowners thousands of dollars over the life of a loan, making the investment in house hacking even more appealing.

Learning the Ropes of Real Estate Investing

House hacking serves as an invaluable hands-on education in real estate investing and property management. This benefit is difficult to quantify, but incredibly valuable.

Take Angela, who started her real estate journey through house hacking. By managing her duplex, Angela gained firsthand experience in screening tenants, handling maintenance issues, and understanding the financial aspects of real estate investments. This knowledge empowered her to expand her portfolio and become a full-time real estate investor.

Tax Advantages

House hacking can also lead to potential tax deductions, including mortgage interest, property taxes, and expenses related to renting out part of your home. These deductions can significantly lower your taxable income.

For example, let’s say John allocates 50% of his property’s square footage to tenant use. John can deduct 50% of the mortgage interest, property taxes, and maintenance expenses on his tax return, providing a substantial financial benefit at the end of the fiscal year.

Building Wealth Over Time

House hacking stands out not just for its immediate financial relief on living expenses but also for its profound long-term impact on wealth accumulation. By strategically applying rental income towards mortgage payments, those who house hack effectively build equity without dipping into personal savings. This method of leveraging other people’s money accelerates wealth building, offering a tangible path to increasing net worth over the years.

Instead of allocating a significant portion of their income towards housing, house hackers can redirect these funds into savings, investments, or debt reduction. This shift not only enhances financial security but also amplifies the potential for future financial growth

While outcomes can vary based on numerous factors like market dynamics and property management, the foundational strategy of house hacking provides a compelling approach to financial independence and wealth building.

Case Studies That Inspire

The real magic of house hacking comes alive through the stories of those who’ve embraced it. From the young professional who used house hacking to eliminate student debt to the couple that built a real estate empire starting with a single house hack, these narratives underscore the transformative power of this strategy.

By analyzing their journeys, we uncover a common thread—a strategic approach to living and real estate investing that turns conventional wisdom on its head and opens up new possibilities for financial independence.

Exploring Your Options: Five House Hacking Strategies

So, now that you understand what housing hacking is and what the benefits are, how do you get started? Well, depending on your goals, here are four different ways you can go about it.

1. Rent out a portion of your home

The most common way to get started house hacking is by buying a home and then renting out a portion of it. For instance, if you bought a two-story home, you could rent out the downstairs. Or, if you buy a home with a finished basement, you could live upstairs and rent out the basement.

This house hacking strategy is good in low-cost living areas because the rental income could actually cover your monthly mortgage payments. However, this may not work out in parts of the country that have a high cost of living.

2. Rent out your home entirely

If renting out a portion of your home isn’t enough to move the needle financially, then you could try renting your entire house. This could be a suitable option for anyone who is young and able to find an alternative, affordable living situation.

For instance, if you could temporarily live in a trailer or rent an apartment with a roommate, you could rent out your home for more money. This would allow you to pay off the house and cover your monthly rent payments.

3. Rent out by the room

If you’re just looking for a little extra money every month and don’t want to sacrifice the majority of your home, you could just try renting out one room. For instance, if you have a large four-bedroom home, you could rent out one room.

This gives you some extra money to put toward your mortgage payments, but you still get to enjoy the benefits of being a homeowner.

4. Rent out an additional unit

Many of the options on this list are ideal for young, single people. But what if you’re married and have a family? In that case, the idea of living with full-time roommates might not interest you.

If so, you could buy a multifamily property and rent out the other units. You could also rent out units attached to your home. This could be a unit that either comes with the house or one that you build yourself.

This will take some effort because you’ll need to fix it up and turn it into a space someone would want to rent. But if you have the interest, this could be the best way to house hack your primary residence while still protecting your family’s personal space.

5. Do a live-in flip

Live-in flipping is a popular real estate investment strategy where the investor purchases a residential property and lives in it while making improvements to increase the property’s value. The investor will then resell the property at a higher price than they originally paid for it, resulting in a profit. This strategy is often used by investors who are looking to build equity quickly.

Living in the property allows you to get to know the neighborhood, research the local market, and avoid paying rent while working on the property. The improvements you make can include anything from painting and landscaping to remodeling the interior of the home.

Legal and Tax Implications of House Hacking

Venturing into house hacking offers financial benefits but also introduces a set of legal and tax considerations that are crucial for a successful strategy. Here’s a concise overview to guide you through these aspects:

Local Zoning Laws

Zoning Requirements: Check your local zoning ordinances to ensure that your house hacking plans comply with regulations regarding rental properties, especially if you intend to modify a single-family home into a multi-unit property.
Permits: Obtain any necessary permits for renovations or conversions to avoid legal issues and ensure the safety and legality of your property for tenants.

Tax Benefits and Liabilities

Rental Income Reporting: Understand that rental income must be reported on your tax returns. Proper documentation of income and expenses is essential for accurate reporting.
Deductible Expenses: Familiarize yourself with what can be deducted, such as mortgage interest, property taxes, maintenance costs, insurance, and depreciation. These deductions can significantly reduce your taxable income.
Capital Gains: If you sell your property for a profit, be aware of capital gains tax. Living in the property for two of the five years before selling can qualify you for an exclusion on capital gains tax up to a certain limit.

Compliance with Landlord-Tenant Laws

Legal Responsibilities: As a landlord, you’ll need to adhere to state and federal laws regarding tenant rights, fair housing, and safety standards. This includes understanding eviction procedures, security deposit regulations, and the requirement for habitable living conditions.

Proper Reporting and Documentation

Keeping Records: Maintain meticulous records of all financial transactions, leases, and communications with tenants. This documentation will be vital for tax purposes and in the event of legal disputes.

Professional Advice

Consultation: Given the complexity of tax laws and real estate regulations, consulting with a tax professional and a real estate attorney can provide tailored advice and ensure you’re maximizing your benefits while minimizing legal risks.

House Hacking Checklist: Preparing for Success

House hacking requires careful planning and consideration. To ensure you’re well-prepared, we’ve compiled a comprehensive checklist. This guide will help you work through the initial stages, make informed decisions, and set you up for a successful house hacking experience.

1. Assess Your Financial Readiness

Evaluate Your Financial Health: Check your credit score, debt-to-income ratio, and savings. Your financial stability will affect loan approval and interest rates.
Budget for Upfront Costs: Calculate potential down payments, closing costs, renovation expenses, and an emergency fund for unexpected repairs.

2. Understand Financing Options

Research Loan Types: Familiarize yourself with different mortgage options, including FHA loans, conventional loans, and VA loans, if applicable.
Pre-Approval: Before house hunting, get pre-approved for a mortgage to understand how much you can afford and demonstrate your seriousness to sellers.

3. Choose the Right Property

Analyze the Potential ROI: When selecting a property, assess key return on investment (ROI) metrics, including cash flow, cash-on-cash return, net operating income (NOI), and cap rate. These metrics will help you understand the financial performance and potential profitability of the property.
Location: Select a location with high rental demand, considering factors like proximity to schools, employment centers, and public transportation.
Property Type: Decide whether a single-family home, multifamily property, or another type of property, suits your goals and budget best.
Condition: Be realistic about the amount of work you can handle. A fixer-upper may offer a higher return but requires more investment upfront.

4. Plan for Landlord Responsibilities

Understand Landlord-Tenant Laws: Research local laws regarding landlord responsibilities, eviction processes, and tenant rights.
Create a Lease Agreement: Draft a clear and comprehensive lease agreement that outlines rent, rules, and responsibilities. Consider seeking the advice of a legal professional.

5. Prepare for Property Management

Tenant Screening: Develop a process for screening tenants, including credit and background checks, to ensure reliability and compatibility.
Maintenance and Repairs: Plan for regular maintenance and emergency repairs. Consider whether you’ll handle repairs yourself or hire professionals.

6. Consider Privacy and Lifestyle Changes

Set Boundaries: Think about how you’ll maintain privacy and manage shared spaces, especially if renting out part of your primary residence.
Adjust Expectations: Living with tenants or managing a rental property can bring challenges. Be prepared for a lifestyle adjustment.

7. Develop an Exit Strategy

Long-Term Goals: Consider your long-term real estate and financial goals. How does house hacking fit into your broader investment strategy?
Resale Considerations: Keep potential resale value in mind when choosing and maintaining your property. Making wise improvements can enhance future profitability.

8. Continuous Learning

Educate Yourself: Real estate and property management are complex fields. Continually seek knowledge through books, podcasts, and networking with experienced investors.

This checklist is your starting point for a thoughtful and structured approach to house hacking. By addressing each item, you’re laying a solid foundation for your real estate investment journey, poised to navigate the challenges and reap the rewards of this strategic endeavor.

Bottom Line

House hacking is a creative way to pay off your mortgage, improve your monthly cash flow, and gain real estate experience. You can begin house hacking as a way to earn a little extra cash every month, or you could treat it like a long-term real estate investment strategy. You can put as much or as little into it as you want.

Just make sure you do your due diligence before getting started. Make any necessary adjustments to the house, choose your tenants carefully, and take your responsibilities as a landlord seriously. This allows you to make the most of your house hacking experience.

Source: crediful.com

Apache is functioning normally

February 1, 2024 by Brett Tams

What is house hacking?

A Spectrum of Possibilities

The beauty of house hacking lies in its flexibility. Here are a few scenarios to illustrate its range:

The Multi-Unit Maven: Alex buys a duplex, lives in one unit, and rents out the other. The rent from the second unit covers the mortgage, meaning Alex lives mortgage-free.
The Single-Family Sharer: Jamie purchases a four-bedroom house, occupies one room, and rents out the other three. The rental income covers all housing costs.
The Basement Dweller: Casey acquires a home with a separate basement apartment. Living in the basement, Casey rents out the main floor, using the rent to pay the mortgage and save for future investments.

Tailoring the Strategy to Your Lifestyle

Benefits of House Hacking

Financial Freedom Faster

Access to Better Financing Options

House hackers often enjoy more favorable financing terms. Owner-occupants can qualify for lower down payments and better interest rates compared to traditional investment property loans.

Learning the Ropes of Real Estate Investing

House hacking serves as an invaluable hands-on education in real estate investing and property management. This benefit is difficult to quantify, but incredibly valuable.

Tax Advantages

Building Wealth Over Time

Case Studies That Inspire

Exploring Your Options: Five House Hacking Strategies

So, now that you understand what housing hacking is and what the benefits are, how do you get started? Well, depending on your goals, here are four different ways you can go about it.

1. Rent out a portion of your home

2. Rent out your home entirely

3. Rent out by the room

This gives you some extra money to put toward your mortgage payments, but you still get to enjoy the benefits of being a homeowner.

4. Rent out an additional unit

Many of the options on this list are ideal for young, single people. But what if you’re married and have a family? In that case, the idea of living with full-time roommates might not interest you.

5. Do a live-in flip

Legal and Tax Implications of House Hacking

Local Zoning Laws

Zoning Requirements: Check your local zoning ordinances to ensure that your house hacking plans comply with regulations regarding rental properties, especially if you intend to modify a single-family home into a multi-unit property.
Permits: Obtain any necessary permits for renovations or conversions to avoid legal issues and ensure the safety and legality of your property for tenants.

Tax Benefits and Liabilities

Rental Income Reporting: Understand that rental income must be reported on your tax returns. Proper documentation of income and expenses is essential for accurate reporting.
Deductible Expenses: Familiarize yourself with what can be deducted, such as mortgage interest, property taxes, maintenance costs, insurance, and depreciation. These deductions can significantly reduce your taxable income.
Capital Gains: If you sell your property for a profit, be aware of capital gains tax. Living in the property for two of the five years before selling can qualify you for an exclusion on capital gains tax up to a certain limit.

Compliance with Landlord-Tenant Laws

Legal Responsibilities: As a landlord, you’ll need to adhere to state and federal laws regarding tenant rights, fair housing, and safety standards. This includes understanding eviction procedures, security deposit regulations, and the requirement for habitable living conditions.

Proper Reporting and Documentation

Keeping Records: Maintain meticulous records of all financial transactions, leases, and communications with tenants. This documentation will be vital for tax purposes and in the event of legal disputes.

Professional Advice

Consultation: Given the complexity of tax laws and real estate regulations, consulting with a tax professional and a real estate attorney can provide tailored advice and ensure you’re maximizing your benefits while minimizing legal risks.

House Hacking Checklist: Preparing for Success

1. Assess Your Financial Readiness

Evaluate Your Financial Health: Check your credit score, debt-to-income ratio, and savings. Your financial stability will affect loan approval and interest rates.
Budget for Upfront Costs: Calculate potential down payments, closing costs, renovation expenses, and an emergency fund for unexpected repairs.

2. Understand Financing Options

Research Loan Types: Familiarize yourself with different mortgage options, including FHA loans, conventional loans, and VA loans, if applicable.
Pre-Approval: Before house hunting, get pre-approved for a mortgage to understand how much you can afford and demonstrate your seriousness to sellers.

3. Choose the Right Property

Analyze the Potential ROI: When selecting a property, assess key return on investment (ROI) metrics, including cash flow, cash-on-cash return, net operating income (NOI), and cap rate. These metrics will help you understand the financial performance and potential profitability of the property.
Location: Select a location with high rental demand, considering factors like proximity to schools, employment centers, and public transportation.
Property Type: Decide whether a single-family home, multifamily property, or another type of property, suits your goals and budget best.
Condition: Be realistic about the amount of work you can handle. A fixer-upper may offer a higher return but requires more investment upfront.

4. Plan for Landlord Responsibilities

Understand Landlord-Tenant Laws: Research local laws regarding landlord responsibilities, eviction processes, and tenant rights.
Create a Lease Agreement: Draft a clear and comprehensive lease agreement that outlines rent, rules, and responsibilities. Consider seeking the advice of a legal professional.

5. Prepare for Property Management

Tenant Screening: Develop a process for screening tenants, including credit and background checks, to ensure reliability and compatibility.
Maintenance and Repairs: Plan for regular maintenance and emergency repairs. Consider whether you’ll handle repairs yourself or hire professionals.

6. Consider Privacy and Lifestyle Changes

Set Boundaries: Think about how you’ll maintain privacy and manage shared spaces, especially if renting out part of your primary residence.
Adjust Expectations: Living with tenants or managing a rental property can bring challenges. Be prepared for a lifestyle adjustment.

7. Develop an Exit Strategy

Long-Term Goals: Consider your long-term real estate and financial goals. How does house hacking fit into your broader investment strategy?
Resale Considerations: Keep potential resale value in mind when choosing and maintaining your property. Making wise improvements can enhance future profitability.

8. Continuous Learning

Educate Yourself: Real estate and property management are complex fields. Continually seek knowledge through books, podcasts, and networking with experienced investors.

Bottom Line

Source: crediful.com

Apache is functioning normally

January 31, 2024 by Brett Tams

A Roth IRA can be a retirement savings tool for children as well as adults. Funded with after-tax dollars, a Roth IRA grows tax-free, so account holders won’t need to pay taxes when they withdraw money in retirement as long as the account has been open for at least five years. Plus, the money in a Roth IRA will have many decades to grow if you open it when your child is young.

And while a Roth IRA has an early distribution penalty, that penalty is generally waived for certain expenses, such as paying for qualified college expenses, if your child needs to access those funds. That flexibility can make a Roth IRA appealing.

Can you open a Roth IRA for a child? Yes! A Roth IRA for kids, called a Custodial Roth IRA, can be opened by a parent, grandparent, or other adult for a child of any age, as long as the child earns income (more on that later).

Here’s everything you need to know about a Roth IRA for kids.

What Is a Roth IRA for Kids?

A Roth IRA for kids, also known as a custodial Roth IRA, is an IRA opened by an adult (usually a parent), who manages the account until the child gets full control of it, which is at age 18 or 21 in most states.

A custodial Roth IRA for kids generally operates in the same way a Roth IRA for adults does. The account holder contributes after-tax dollars toward their retirement savings and the money grows tax-free in the account.

In order to open and contribute to a Roth IRA, your child must have earned income.
💡 Quick Tip: Before opening an investment account, know your investment objectives, time horizon, and risk tolerance. These fundamentals will help keep your strategy on track and with the aim of meeting your goals.

Who’s Eligible for a Roth IRA for Kids?

A child of any age can have a Roth IRA for kids. However, to be eligible, a child must have an earned income. Earned income can include the compensation earned from jobs like babysitting, dog walking, or working for an employer.

[embedded content]

Custodial Roth IRA Rules

In addition to the standard rules for a Roth IRA, there are specific rules for custodial Roth IRAs. These rules include:

No Minimum Age Limit

A child of any age can have a custodial Roth IRA as long as he or she has earned income.

A Child Must Have Earned Income

In order to open a custodial Roth IRA, a child must have earned income. The IRS generally defines earned income as taxable income, wages, and tips. This can also include self-employment, such as yard work or babysitting. Cash gifts given to a child do not count as earned income.

There Are Contribution Limits

The contribution limit for a Roth IRA is $7,000 for 2024 ($8,000 for those 50 and older), or the total of the individual’s earned income for the year, whichever is less.

In addition, a child (or an adult on behalf of a child) cannot contribute an amount greater than the child’s earned income. So if a child earned $2,000 as a lifeguard at the local swimming pool, for example, the most that can be contributed to the child’s custodial IRA that year, including contributions from parents, is $2,000.

Certain Early Withdrawals Are Allowed

In general, you can withdraw contributions from a Roth IRA at any time without penalty. Earnings typically can’t be withdrawn before age 59 ½ without penalty except in certain circumstances. Allowable exceptions include withdrawals up to certain limits to pay for qualified college expenses, cover certain medical bills, and to buy a first home.

Eventual Conversion to a Regular Roth IRA

When the child reaches the legal age in their state (typically 18 or 21, depending on the state), the custodial Roth IRA will need to be converted to a regular Roth IRA in the child’s name.

Get a 2% IRA match. Tax season is now match season.

Get a 2% match on all your SoFi IRA contributions* through Tax Day (up to the annual contribution limits). Plus, funding your IRA may reduce taxes.

*Offer lasts through Tax Day, 4/15/24. Only offers made via ACH are eligible for the match. ACATs, wires, and rollovers are not included.

How to Open a Custodial Roth IRA for a Kid

A Roth IRA for kids can be opened by any adult, such as a parent or grandparent, for instance. While the child is a minor, the adult will have sole access to the account; once the child comes of age (the timing of which varies by state), the account will transfer over to the child.

As with any Roth IRA, investment options within the account can include stocks, bonds, and mutual funds.

A Roth IRA can be opened through a financial institution or brokerage firm. You can typically open the account online by providing some basic information about yourself and your child. Choosing the right institution and Roth IRA offering depends on the investor and their preferences, so be sure to do some research.
💡 Quick Tip: Did you know that you must choose the investments in your IRA? Once you open a new IRA and start saving, you get to decide which mutual funds, ETFs, or other investments you want — it’s totally up to you.

Benefits of Starting a Roth IRA for a Child

Flexibility in how to use the funds can be one benefit of opening a custodial Roth IRA as part of an investment plan for your child. A Roth IRA can provide flexibility not only for potential expenses in early adulthood — such as college expenses or buying a home — but can be an investment vehicle throughout your child’s lifetime.

Another benefit is that a Roth IRA typically gives you more control over investments than an education-focused 529 college savings plan, and it may allow you to create a diversified portfolio of different asset classes.

A Roth IRA is a gift that can keep growing, since investors can potentially maximize compounding returns to get the most out of their investment. Here’s how a Roth IRA may unlock the power of compounding: As an example, let’s say you open a custodial Roth IRA when the child is 10 years old, and contribute $2,000 annually. At a certain point, your child might take over contributing $2,000 annually.

Assuming a 7% rate of return, the account will be worth $928,000 by the time your child is 60 years old — even though the amount you and your child contributed would be $100,000 in total. In comparison, if that same money was put in a taxable savings account over the same time period, the total of the account would be approximately $515,764.

And unlike a traditional IRA, there is no required minimum distribution (RMD) on a Roth IRA once the account owner reaches retirement age. A Roth IRA also allows people to continue contributing throughout their lifetime, as long as they’re earning income.

Alternatives to a Roth IRA for a Kid

If you’re looking for other possible investments for your child, some options to consider include the following.

• Savings account: A parent can open a savings account for a child, as long as the parent is a joint account holder. Savings accounts typically have low interest rates (as of January 2024, the average interest rate for a savings account was 0.47%), so you might want to look for a high-yield savings account instead. These accounts have average interest rates of more than 4% as of early 2024.

• Savings bonds: If your child doesn’t have earned income, you may want to consider savings bonds. However, savings bonds don’t offer the same potential tax advantages a Roth IRA does since you have to pay federal income tax on the bonds when they mature or you cash them. You won’t pay income taxes on Roth IRA earnings unless you take a non-qualified distribution.

• 529 plans: These plans can help you save for your child’s education. You can typically invest the money you contribute to a 529 plan and choose from a wide range of investment options. While these plans aren’t tax deductible at the federal level, your state may offer tax breaks for contributions made to them. And funds can be withdrawn tax-free for qualified education expenses. As of 2024, money left in a 529 may be rolled over to a Roth IRA for your child, although certain conditions and limits may apply.

• UGMA/UTMA accounts: A Uniform Gifts to Minors Act (UGMA) account and a Uniform Transfers to Minors Act (UTMA) account are custodial accounts in which an adult can invest on behalf of a child. These accounts are typically used to invest in stocks, bonds, mutual funds, and so on. There are no contribution or income limits, and gifts below the annual gift threshold do not need to be reported. However, there are no tax benefits when contributions are made, and earnings are made to these accounts, and earnings are subject to taxes. When the child reaches legal age, they take over control of the account.

The Takeaway

For a child with earned income, a custodial Roth IRA may be a good way to help them prepare for their future and get started on the path to investing. A child does need to have an earned income to open a custodial Roth IRA, and contributions cannot exceed their income. If your child qualifies, a Roth IRA for kids could potentially give them years of tax-free growth on their money.

Invest with as little as $5 with a SoFi Active Investing account.

FAQ

Can you open a Roth IRA for a child if they don’t earn income?

No. A child must have earned income — which the IRS defines as wages, salaries, tips and other taxable employee compensation, as well as net earnings from self-employment — in order to open a custodial Roth IRA.

Can you open a Roth IRA for a baby?

It’s possible to open an IRA for a baby. As long as a baby earns an income — modeling baby clothes, for instance — you can open a custodial Roth IRA for them. There is no minimum age to open a custodial Roth IRA, but the child must have earned income.

Is it a good idea to open a Roth IRA for a child?

It may be a good idea to open a Roth IRA for a child for several reasons. A Roth IRA can help a child save up for and cover certain expenses in early adulthood, such as qualified college expenses. Also, a Roth IRA typically has higher returns than a savings account. And because kids have a low tax rate now, when contributions are made, it makes sense to open a Roth IRA, which is taxed upfront. At retirement, as long as they are at least age 59 ½, they can withdraw the money tax-free.

Can I give my child money for a Roth IRA?

Yes, you can contribute to your child’s IRA. However, annual contributions to the account cannot exceed the child’s annual earned income. Also, per IRS rules, the overall amount you can contribute to a Roth IRA is to $7,000 in 2024 for individuals under age 50, or the total annual earned income, whichever is less.

What is the disadvantage of a Roth IRA for kids?

One potential disadvantage of an IRA for kids is that your child must earn an income in order to open and contribute to an account. In addition, you can only contribute the amount the child earns. So if the child makes $500 for the year babysitting, that is the most you can contribute to their custodial Roth IRA.

Can I open a Roth IRA for my 2 year old?

As long as your 2-year-old earns an income, you can open a custodial Roth IRA for them. There is no minimum age requirement for a Roth IRA for kids.

How do I prove my child’s income for a Roth IRA?

If your child receives a W-2 or 1099 form for work they did for an employer, you can use those documents to prove your child’s income. However, if they are self-employed and do work like babysitting, dog walking or yard work to earn money, you should keep receipts or records of the type of work they did, the amount they earned, when the work was done, and who it was for, as proof of their income.

What happens to a custodial Roth IRA when the child turns 18?

Once a child is of legal age, which is typically 18 or 21, depending on your state, the IRA must be converted to a regular Roth IRA in the child’s name that they then own and manage.

Do children need to file a tax return to fund their Roth IRA?

As long as their income is below the threshold that requires them to file a tax return, children are typically not required to file a tax return just because they have a custodial IRA. However, you may want to consult with a tax professional about your specific situation.

SOIN0124015

Source: sofi.com

Apache is functioning normally

January 31, 2024 by Brett Tams

If you rent, rather than own, your home, you’re off the hook for homeowners insurance. But you may still need or want renters insurance, which can help cover your assets in the event of a calamity.

Like all other forms of insurance coverage, choosing a renters insurance policy involves choosing a deductible, which will have an effect on your overall policy cost.

Let’s learn more about how a renters insurance deductible works and how to choose one that’s right for your circumstances.

What Is a Renters Insurance Deductible?

If you have renters insurance and wind up needing to file a claim, the insurance company will still expect you to pay some of the cost. That out-of-pocket expense is called your deductible, and is separate from the premium you pay on a regular basis to keep the policy active.

For example, say you have a renters insurance policy that covers up to $20,000 worth of your belongings in the event of a covered loss. If your deductible is a flat $500, you’d pay $500, and the insurance company would pay $19,500 toward replacing your belongings.

Your deductible might also be calculated as a percentage of your property coverage. So in this example, if your deductible is 2%, you’d pay $400 (2% of $20,000) and the insurer would pay out $19,600.

Your premium, on the other hand, is the amount you pay monthly or annually in order to support the policy. In the case of renters insurance, that might be about $200 a year, or around $20 or less a month.
💡 Quick Tip: Online renters insurance can cover your belongings not just at home but also in your car and on vacation.

Choosing a Renters Insurance Deductible

You may be happy to know that you have some agency when it comes to choosing your renters insurance deductible. While many policies offer flat deductible options of either $500 or $1,000, certain companies do offer lower or higher amounts. Occasionally, you may even find a program available with a $0 or 0% deductible, which means you wouldn’t pay anything out of pocket if you were to make a claim.

Paying less during a time of loss probably sounds like an unmitigated good thing. But there is a bit of a catch. Generally speaking, the lower your deductible, the higher your premium, which means you’re paying more on a regular basis for a benefit you might get if a loss occurs.

On the other hand, if you hedge your bets and go for a high deductible, your regular premium payments will be lower — but you’ll be on the hook for a lot more if you do need to file a claim.

Recommended: What Does Renters Insurance Cover and How Does it Work

How Does Your Renters Insurance Deductible Affect Your Premiums?

While the inverse relationship between deductibles and premiums is fairly standard, other factors do play into your specific renters insurance costs.

For example, your insurer may cut you a break if you have certain security equipment installed, such as an alarm system or smoke alarm. On the other hand, if you live in what’s deemed a high-risk area or your credit score could use some work, your available coverage options may be more expensive, even if you choose a high deductible.

Renters Insurance by State

Because different states have different risk levels, both for criminal activity and natural damage, the average cost of renters insurance varies depending on what state you’re in. Here are the average monthly renters insurance premiums by state, per data from the Zebra:

• Alabama: $23

• Alaska: $15

• Arizona: $20

• Arkansas: $26

• California: $18

• Colorado: $17

• Connecticut: $24

• Delaware: $21

• District of Columbia: $20

• Florida: $21

• Georgia: $22

• Hawaii: $20

• Idaho: $16

• Illinois: $20

• Indiana: $28

• Iowa: $14

• Kansas: $21

• Kentucky: $17

• Louisiana: $38

• Maine: $12

• Maryland: $19

• Massachusetts: $18

• Michigan: $22

• Minnesota: $13

• Mississippi: $26

• Missouri: $24

• Montana: $19

• Nebraska: $16

• Nevada: $17

• New Hampshire: $14

• New Jersey: $19

• New Mexico: $19

• New York: $26

• North Carolina: $23

• North Dakota: $13

• Ohio: $18

• Oklahoma: $23

• Oregon: $16

• Pennsylvania: $19

• Rhode Island: $24

• South Carolina: $18

• South Dakota: $14

• Tennessee: $19

• Texas: $32

• Utah: $14

• Vermont: $9

• Virginia: $18

• Washington: $14

• West Virginia: $24

• Wisconsin: $14

• Wyoming: $11

Keep in mind that your specific monthly price will vary further based on your city and even your neighborhood, as well as many other factors. Check with your insurer for actual insurance premium prices available to you.

Recommended: Why Do Landlords Require Renters Insurance?

[embedded content]

Renters Insurance Overview

Renters insurance can be a truly valuable tool if you suffer a loss as a renter. While it doesn’t cover the structure of your home the way homeowners insurance does — the building’s owner is responsible for those costs — renters insurance does cover your belongings in case of damage or theft. It also covers personal liability costs in the event that someone is injured while at your home and sues you.

Some landlords require renters insurance, while others don’t. But for most renters, it’s a good idea to at least consider it, especially since it’s usually pretty affordable. (Many renters insurance programs cost less than $200 per year or about $15 to $20 monthly.)

Do keep in mind that renters insurance, like all types of insurance coverage, doesn’t cover everything.

What Does Renters Insurance Cover?

Generally, renters insurance offers coverage in the following four categories:

• Personal property: This covers your possessions.

• Personal liability: This would take care of the medical or legal fees you might incur if someone is hurt while at your home.

• Loss-of-use or additional living expenses: This covers the money you’d need to spend to find yourself a place to stay and food to eat if your home was, for some reason, rendered unlivable.

• Additional coverages: These may be purchased to cover items and services that wouldn’t otherwise be eligible for coverage on your policy (such as lock replacement).

Keep in mind also that certain high-value categories of items may have coverage limits, though these can often be exceeded if you purchase a separate rider or endorsement for them. These categories may include cash, jewelry, watchers, fur clothing, and firearms.
💡 Quick Tip: It’s important to create an inventory of your personal possessions in case you ever need to file a renters insurance claim. One easy way to do that is to walk through your home and photograph all your belongings — especially anything of value.

The Takeaway

Renters insurance is a kind of insurance that can cover your belongings and personal liability if you’re a renter. Like other forms of insurance, a deductible likely applies. The lower the deductible you choose, the higher your premium is likely to be.

While insurance isn’t anyone’s favorite bill to pay, it’s the kind of thing you’re grateful for when you do turn out to need it.

Looking to protect your belongings? SoFi has partnered with Lemonade to offer renters insurance. Policies are easy to understand and apply for, with instant quotes available. Prices start at just $5 per month.

Explore renters insurance options offered through SoFi via Experian.

Photo credit: iStock/Edwin Tan

Insurance not available in all states.
Experian is a registered service mark of Experian Personal Insurance Agency, Inc.
Social Finance, Inc. (“SoFi”) is compensated by Experian for each customer who purchases a policy through Experian from the site.

Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.

SOPT0124004

Source: sofi.com