Uncommon Knowledge
Newsweek is committed to challenging conventional wisdom and finding connections in the search for common ground.
Homebuyers looking to escape the hustle and bustle of city life may long for a quieter life in the country. But anytime you’re considering making a major lifestyle change, finances can become an issue.
If this sounds like you, you may be able to qualify for a USDA loan. This government-sponsored loan program focuses on houses located in designated rural and suburban areas.
A USDA home loan is a type of mortgage for eligible rural and suburban homebuyers. It’s offered by the United States Department of Agriculture. USDA loans are issued through the USDA Rural Development Guaranteed Housing Loan Program.
One of the biggest draws of the Rural Development program is that it doesn’t require any down payment. So, you can purchase your own home with a minimal amount of cash.
If you think this sounds like a good opportunity, you may be right. Keep reading to find out the benefits of applying for a USDA loan.
The USDA offers three main mortgage programs for people who want to buy or repair a single-family home in a rural area:
The majority of loans offered by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) do not feature loan limits. Direct Loans are the only type of USDA loans with specific limits, but they are a small portion of all USDA loans. Therefore, it is unlikely that you will find any limits on your USDA loan.
For the USDA Direct Loan program in 2024, the loan limit is 766,550 in most parts of the country. However, in more expensive high-cost areas, the loan limits are higher.
Listed below are the four biggest advantages of taking out a USDA loan.
For many people, the thought of scraping together a down payment is the most significant barrier to buying a home. But with a USDA loan, there’s no down payment required. In comparison, you’ll need a 3.5% down payment for FHA loans and a minimum 5% down payment for conventional loans.
Anyone who buys a home with no down payment must purchase private mortgage insurance (PMI). The costs vary, but PMI generally costs between 0.5% to 1.0% of the total loan amount.
With the USDA mortgage program, you still have to purchase PMI, but the rates are lower than they are with a conventional loan.
USDA loans also come with more flexible credit requirements than what other lenders look for. If your credit score is at least 640, your application should be approved pretty quickly. And the program is available for borrowers that are short on credit history.
When you buy a home, the lender charges closing costs for issuing the loan. The closing costs usually fall between 2% and 5% of the total loan amount. So if you buy a $200,000 home, you can expect to pay at least $4,000 in closing costs.
When you take out a USDA loan, you can roll your closing costs into the loan financing. This means you can finance your closing costs instead of paying them out of pocket.
Taking out a USDA loan doesn’t mean you have to move to the middle of nowhere. There are a wide variety of properties eligible for purchase through the USDA loan program.
While you won’t find any homes located in a major metropolitan area, you may be able to find some in certain suburban areas. But, of course, the most extensive selection is available in rural areas since the purpose of the program is to strengthen these communities.
To find out if a home you’re interested in qualifies, simply input the address into the USDA website. The USDA does have strict requirements the home must meet to be eligible for the program, which we’ll discuss in more detail below.
See also: First-Time Home Buyer Grants and Programs
If you can’t qualify for a conventional loan, you may be eligible for either a USDA guaranteed loan or a USDA direct loan. Here is an overview of the borrower requirements for USDA home loan programs:
USDA loan programs are designed to help low to middle-income families, so borrowers must meet certain income limitations. To qualify, your household income cannot exceed 115% of the median income in your area.
The income requirements for USDA loans are determined by county, so you can check the USDA’s website to determine the requirements in your area. You can also work with a USDA-approved lender to determine your eligibility.
The U.S. Department of Agriculture also puts certain restrictions on the type of property you can buy with a USDA loan. Here are the types of properties that are eligible for a USDA mortgage loan:
If you’re applying for a guaranteed USDA loan, there are a few basic credit requirements you’ll need to meet. The USDA doesn’t set a minimum credit score requirement, but your application will get processed much faster if your credit score is at least 640.
A credit score below 640 doesn’t automatically rule you out, but your application will go through stricter underwriting guidelines. This is to ensure you can handle the monthly payments.
And you’re less likely to be approved if you have any collections on your credit report in the past 12 months. However, you may be granted an exception if you can prove that your credit was damaged because of a medical issue or something outside your control.
And finally, a USDA loan may be a viable option for you if you’re still in the process of building your credit scores. Your application may be approved even if you have a limited credit history if you can supply other credit references, like utility payments or rent payments.
Income limits are set on all USDA loans to ensure the USDA loan program benefits low to middle-income families. These income restrictions are determined by various factors, including the median income for your local city or county. You can check your income eligibility to find out if you qualify.
The size of your family also helps determine your eligibility. If you have a large family, then it’s expected you’ll need a more substantial income to live on, and you’ll receive more leeway.
There are also different tiers of eligibility, depending on the type of USDA loan you’re taking out. For example, USDA guaranteed loans call for a moderate income, whereas USDA direct loans require applicants to fall in the low-income category.
Finally, you must have a stable monthly income to be eligible for a USDA loan. Usually, you need to show a history of stable employment for at least 24 months.
If you have questions about your eligibility, you can contact a mortgage lender that specializes in USDA loans. Just be sure to ask so you don’t waste your time working with a lender who doesn’t understand the nuances of USDA loans.
Real estate agents that work in a rural area may also be able to point you in the right direction, since they’re likely to have more experience with clients utilizing these programs.
This article is mainly focused on the USDA’s requirements, but keep in mind, the USDA isn’t lending you any money. Each lender can apply its own requirements as long as they meet the USDA’s basic guidelines. Your lender will want a complete financial picture, as well as your credit history and current employment status.
And one of the guidelines surrounds PITI, which stands for principal, interest, taxes, and insurance. Each of these things are combined to form your total monthly mortgage payment.
This amount can’t be more than 29% of your pre-tax monthly income. So if you make $3,000 per month, your total monthly payment would have to be less than $900.
Another common requirement is known as your debt-to-income ratio. This is when the lender looks at compares your income to your total monthly debt payments. Ideally, your debt-to-income ratio shouldn’t be higher than 41%.
So if your income is $3,000 per month, your total monthly debt payments should be less than $1,230. And remember, your mortgage will be included in the total debt payments. But you may qualify for a higher debt ratio if your credit score is higher than 680.
With a USDA mortgage, you can purchase your dream home without having to save up for a down payment. However, not everyone will qualify for this program.
If you’re interested in taking out a USDA loan, you should start by finding out if you meet the income restrictions in your county. And you might consider working with an experienced USDA lender to find out if you’re a suitable candidate for the program.
USDA loans provide low-interest home mortgages to qualified borrowers. These loans are issued by the United States Department of Agriculture, and are designed to help eligible borrowers purchase homes in rural areas and some suburban areas.
To qualify for a USDA loan, borrowers must typically meet certain income and credit requirements, as well as have a debt-to-income ratio that is lower than the national average. Once approved, the loan is typically issued in the form of a 30-year fixed-rate mortgage, with the interest rate set by the USDA. Borrowers can then use the funds to purchase a home and make mortgage payments over time.
FHA loans are mortgage loans insured by the Federal Housing Administration that are available to homebuyers with less-than-perfect credit and relatively low down payments.
VA loans are mortgage loans guaranteed by the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs that are available to qualifying veterans and military members with competitive terms and no down payment.
USDA loans are mortgage loans offered by the U.S. Department of Agriculture that are available to low-income borrowers in rural areas.
All three loan types require mortgage insurance, but the payment requirements vary.
The interest rate on a USDA loan varies depending on the type of loan, the lender, the borrower’s credit score and other factors. Generally, USDA loan interest rates range from 1.00% to 4.00%.
The current interest rate for Single Family Housing Direct home loans is 3.75%. This fixed rate is based on current market rates at loan approval or loan closing, whichever is lower.
If payment assistance is applied, the interest rate can be as low as 1%. The payback period can be up to 33 years, or 38 years for very low-income applicants who can’t afford the 33-year loan term.
The upfront guarantee fee is 1% of the amount of the loan, and this fee must be paid at closing. This fee is non-refundable and is not included in the loan amount.
In addition to the upfront fee, there is an annual fee, which ranges from 0.35% to 0.50%. This fee is calculated as a percentage of the loan amount and is generally due each year.
USDA home loans also have other typical closing costs associated with them, such as appraisal fees, title fees, and recording fees.
Source: crediful.com
If you’re looking to buy a condo or townhome, understanding the distinctions may help you home in on the choice that better suits your lifestyle and needs. Read on to learn the major differences between these two kinds of property.
A condominium is a private property within a larger property, whether that be a single building or a complex. Residents share amenities like clubhouses, gyms, pools, parking, and the common grounds, and pay homeowners association (HOA) dues to support those shared assets. If you buy a condo, you’ll own your interior space only.
A townhouse is a single-family unit that shares one or more walls with another home, usually has two or more floors, and may have a small backyard or patio. If you buy a townhouse, you’ll own the interior and exterior of the unit and the land on which it sits. Upkeep of the exterior could be split between you and the homeowners association (HOA).
💡 Quick Tip: When house hunting, don’t forget to lock in your home mortgage loan rate so there are no surprises if your offer is accepted.
Both are part of a larger structure, unlike some other house types, and both usually share one or more walls, but some similarities end there. Here are the key differences.
In the condo vs. townhouse debate, construction differs. A townhouse will share at least one wall with a property next door. A condo could have another unit below and above it, in addition to neighbors on either side. That could mean sharing all surrounding walls and floors/ceilings.
If you’re considering townhouse vs. condo, what would you actually own? With townhomes, the buyer owns the land and the structure. That could mean some creativity with decorating the lot or the home’s exterior. With condos, the buyer owns the interior of the unit and an “interest” (along with all of the other owners) in the common elements of the condominium project.
With both condos and townhouses, residents will have fairly close contact with their neighbors. With shared walls and spaces, residents may have more social relationships with their community than they would with a single-family home. That means it’s important for buyers to research the community when condo shopping. Is the condo social? Does it plan a lot of events, or do people generally keep to themselves? Since there are many shared spaces, understanding how the community functions could directly affect living there.
If a townhome isn’t part of an HOA, living in the complex could feel similar to living in a single-family home. In that case, it could be up to the buyer to create a sense of community.
Condos come with an HOA, a resident-led board that collects ongoing fees that can range from $200 to thousands of dollars, and mandates any special assessments. The HOA also enforces its covenants, conditions, and restrictions (CC&Rs).
Not all townhouse communities have an HOA, but if they do, townhouse owners usually pay lower monthly fees than condo owners because they pay for much of their own upkeep.
What’s the difference between a townhouse and a condo when it comes to rules and regulations? Condo owners will be required to meet all HOA standards. That could dictate anything from what residents want to hang on their front door to whether they can have pets, how many, and whether Biff needs to be registered as a service animal or emotional support animal. If an owner wants to renovate their condo, they may have to get the work approved by the HOA.
If a townhome is part of an HOA, many of the above restrictions could apply. However, if it’s not an HOA community, townhouse owners have more freedom to decorate the exterior of their home or maintain their landscape as they see fit.
Condos have their own form of property insurance. HO-6 provides coverage for the interior of a condo and the owner’s personal belongings. In addition, the entire building needs to be insured, which is paid for with HOA dues.
If a townhouse is part of an HOA community, each property requires HO-6 insurance and coverage for the community through HOA dues. When a townhouse isn’t part of an HOA, buyers are typically required to have homeowners insurance.
HOA fees for condos are usually higher than for townhouses because they cover exterior maintenance and shared amenities. If townhouse owners are part of an HOA, they’ll usually pay lower monthly fees because they pay for much of their own upkeep.
Condo owners don’t have to worry about repairing the roof or replacing siding. Everything exterior-facing is managed collectively and paid for with HOA dues, but those fees may be high and are periodically reevaluated, and so may rise over time.
It can be harder to obtain financing for a condo than for a townhouse. Condos may be eligible for conventional mortgage loans and government-insured loans. (Study the mortgage basics to learn more about the difference between these types.) Lenders of conventional loans will review the financial health of an HOA, whether most of the units are owner-occupied, and ownership distribution. Interested in an FHA loan or a VA loan? Both agencies maintain respective lists of approved condos.
In the case of a townhouse, the financing process is similar to that of a traditional mortgage because a townhouse includes the land it’s built on. Its value is factored into the process.
A large factor in a condo holding value is the management, which isn’t always in the hands of the owner. Strong management can help a condo maintain or grow in value. Additionally, where the condo is located will influence resale value. Condos generally hold value but don’t see the boost in resale expected with single-family homes. Similarly, buying a townhouse may not usher in the appreciation of most single-family homes.
💡 Quick Tip: Your parents or grandparents probably got mortgages for 30 years. But these days, you can get them for 20, 15, or 10 years — and pay less interest over the life of the loan.
Condos and townhomes have their fair share of differences, as well as some similarities. Overall, condos can offer a low-maintenance property where owners simply look after their condo interior. With condo ownership comes the added perk of shared amenities. But condos come with monthly HOA fees, which must be factored into any purchase. Additionally, the community association and its management of the property will likely have a large impact on what life is like in a particular condo complex. Condo buyers may be more community-minded, as they share space with their neighbors. (If a condo feels like the right choice, read a guide to buying a condo as you embark on your search.)
Townhouses offer more freedom and privacy than condos. Owners may have the option of personalizing their exterior and enjoying outdoor space if the property has a patio or backyard. Townhomes generally require more responsibility and upkeep than a condo, even if there’s an HOA involved. Exterior maintenance will be required. If this sounds like a good fit, dig deeper by reading a guide to buying a townhouse.
Of course, you may be better suited to a different living situation altogether. House or condo? Take a quiz to learn which of these options might be best for you.
When it comes to finding a home, the perfect fit is up to the individual, but buyers may want to take a hard look at monthly fees, community rules, how social they intend to be, and precisely what they own and must maintain.
Looking for an affordable option for a home mortgage loan? SoFi can help: We offer low down payments (as little as 3% – 5%*) with our competitive and flexible home mortgage loans. Plus, applying is extra convenient: It’s online, with access to one-on-one help.
SoFi Mortgages: simple, smart, and so affordable.
The cost of a condo and townhome will vary based on location and size, but condos are often less expensive than townhouses because they come with no land.
No. The purchase of a condo only includes the interior.
In general, condos and townhomes don’t appreciate as quickly as single-family homes. The value will vary based on area, upkeep, and other conditions.
Financing a townhome is like financing a single-family home. A buyer can choose from multiple types of mortgages.
Financing a condo, on the other hand, involves a lender review of the community or inclusion on a list of approved condominium communities. Because a private lender could see a condo as a riskier purchase, the interest rate could be higher unless a large down payment was made.
Photo credit: iStock/Inhabitant
SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.
SoFi Mortgages
Terms, conditions, and state restrictions apply. Not all products are available in all states. See SoFi.com/eligibility for more information.
*SoFi requires Private Mortgage Insurance (PMI) for conforming home loans with a loan-to-value (LTV) ratio greater than 80%. As little as 3% down payments are for qualifying first-time homebuyers only. 5% minimum applies to other borrowers. Other loan types may require different fees or insurance (e.g., VA funding fee, FHA Mortgage Insurance Premiums, etc.). Loan requirements may vary depending on your down payment amount, and minimum down payment varies by loan type.
Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.
SOHL0124004
Source: sofi.com
Mortgage rates ticked up last week after weeks of declines while applications for home loans dropped in a sign that the housing market continues to struggle despite some recent signs of optimism.
The 30-year fixed rate inched closer to 7 percent for the week ending December 29, according to the Mortgage Bankers Association (MBA). Meanwhile, mortgage applications tumbled by more than 9 percent from two weeks earlier, lenders said.
“Markets continued to digest the impact of slowing inflation and potential rate cuts from the Federal Reserve, helping mortgage rates to stay at levels close to the lowest since mid-2023,” Joel Kan, MBA’s deputy chief economist, said in a statement shared with Newsweek on Wednesday.
The 30-year fixed mortgage ended 2023 at 6.76 percent, more than a percentage point lower than the peak of nearly 8 percent in October, he said.
“The recent decline in rates has given the housing market some cause for optimism going into 2024, but purchase applications have not yet picked up in response, with the overall level of purchase activity 12 percent lower than a year ago,” Kan said.
Economists say that activity in the housing market will ramp up if prices decline, which at the moment are elevated partly due to low supply. The existing homes market is still in the doldrums as sellers are reluctant to give up their low rates for new home loans that could cost them close to 7 percent in interest.
“The housing market has been hampered by a limited supply of homes for sale, but the recent strength in new residential construction will continue to help ease inventory shortages in the months in come,” Kan said.
Recent data shows that private residential construction moved up, according to the U.S. Census Bureau, to nearly $900 billion in November—a jump of more than a percent from the previous month, helped by spending on single-family home building.
“November was the first month in over a year when single-family construction spending rose compared to the year prior,” Yelena Maleyev, KPMG’s senior economist, said in a note shared with Newsweek on Tuesday. “Builders have become more positive about the single-family market as mortgage rates have come down from recent peaks and revived buyers’ interests.”
In a sign that rates may be entering some level of uncertainty, as the market looks to see how many rate cuts the Fed will institute in 2024, the average contract interest rate for 15-year fixed-rate mortgages decreased to 6.26 percent from 6.41 percent in the week ending December 29.
Fed policymakers held rates at 5.25 to 5.5 percent last month for the third time in a row and have suggested that they may cut rates to a possible 4.6 percent in 2024. It’s unclear yet when such cuts could come.
But declining mortgage rates could give a boost to the housing market, with builders feeling optimistic in the new year.
“Construction activity remains robust as strong demand for housing and infrastructure remain a tailwind for builders,” Maleyev said, noting that elevated rates could be a challenge for the sector in 2024. “Spending is expected to end the year on a high, with lower mortgage rates helping revive activity in the housing market.”
Newsweek is committed to challenging conventional wisdom and finding connections in the search for common ground.
Newsweek is committed to challenging conventional wisdom and finding connections in the search for common ground.
Source: newsweek.com
Michael Mincey / iStock.com
Mortgage rates began dropping steadily in the last months of 2023, down to 6.61% for a 30-year, fixed-rate loan in the last days of the year, according to data from Freddie Mac.
But 85% of American homeowners remain locked into pre-pandemic mortgage rates of 5% and lower, making them hesitant to sell their home only to purchase another when both home prices and interest rates remain elevated.
Mortgage experts, however, predict that the market may shift in 2024, although not as dramatically as some would hope.
“Mortgage rates will fall to about 6.6% by the end of 2024. The gradual decline in rates combined with the small dip in prices will bring homebuyers some much-needed relief,” Redfin Chief Economist Daryl Fairweather told USA Today.
Jeff Taylor, founder and managing director at Mphasis Digital Risk, agreed that 30-year fixed rates will stay will in the “mid-6%” range.
National Association of Realtors chief economist Lawrence Yun made a bold prediction regarding the market. “A marked turn can be expected as mortgage rates have plunged in recent weeks,” he said.
However, even with interest rates falling, the lack of single-family homes on the market may keep prices elevated.
“While single-family housing starts have steadily increased throughout 2023, it will take years of accelerated new home construction to narrow the supply shortage gap from more than a decade of underbuilding,” Odeta Kushi, Deputy Chief Economist at First American, told USA Today.
Further, with existing homeowners refusing to sell because interest rates won’t match what they secured pre-pandemic, the housing shortage is destined to continue through 2024.
The rising costs of home insurance is also deterring new homebuyers, according to a recent Newsweek article. Real estate investors told the publication that it may be harder to get a mortgage in states like Florida, which is prone to extreme weather such as hurricanes, floods and tornadoes. If you can’t insure a home, you can’t secure a mortgage for its purchase. Current homeowners may experience rate hikes, too, but once a home is insured, it’s easier to maintain a policy than to write a new one.
California, Louisiana, Texas and Colorado also experienced rate hikes in 2023, as previously reported by GoBankingRates. Other states may be susceptible to future rate hikes, according to HUB Private Client research. These states include Minnesota, Missouri, Indiana and South Dakota, which is alarming as they were not previously considered areas at high-risk of weather-related claims.
But even with rising costs, 2024 could be the first year the U.S. sees an uptick in new home construction, as predicted by Robert Dietz, Chief Economist for the National Association of Home Builders.
“Due to low existing inventory, new construction has increased to approximately one-third of total single-family inventory in recent months when historically it was only 10% to 15%,” he said.
After declines in 2022 and 2023, the increase in new construction could help alleviate some of the housing shortage. But even an increased inventory of new homes won’t make a significant difference in the housing market for 2024. “Home prices keep marching higher,” Yun told USA Today. “Only a dramatic rise in supply will dampen price appreciation.
More From GOBankingRates
Source: gobankingrates.com
A condo is a privately owned unit in a community of other units, often with shared areas or amenities. If you’re considering whether to buy or rent a condo, you’ll want to think about the costs, benefits, and responsibilities of each option.
Of course, those who are deciding whether or not to rent have much less riding on their choice, but it’s still worth delving into the pros and cons of this kind of property and if it suits your needs.
Here, you’ll learn about the characteristics that define condos, the pros and cons of these units, and what it’s like to rent or buy a condo.
As noted above, a condo is a privately owned unit that is part of a community of other units, whether that means there are a couple of other residences or dozens. Typically, a condo owner only possesses their unit, unlike the situation with a single-family homeowner, who owns the home and the land under it.
You may be familiar with condos that are rented out for income. If you’ve ever rented an apartment in, say, a complex by the beach, with a shared pool and patio, there’s a chance you’ve been in a condo. Real estate investors often buy condos and rent them out in this way.
💡 Quick Tip: You deserve a more zen mortgage. Look for a mortgage lender who’s dedicated to closing your loan on time.
Individual condo units are owned by private owners, while common areas are owned and maintained by an association or organization. This might be called a condo association (CA) or a homeowners association (HOA). These groups are not identical, but they do manage a multi-unit residential community.
Your ownership rights may be limited to the space within your condominium, as is the case with most condo high-rises, or you may own an entire standalone structure within a larger community. In a condo situation, the CA or HOA owns the land. In a planned unit development, the homeowners own their lot and share the common area.
Condos are popular starter homes, thanks to their low maintenance, relatively cheap purchase price, and general convenience. They may also appeal to investors and people who are downsizing.
With detached single-family homes, you’re on the hook for the bill if any repair issues arise, whether it’s a broken water heater, leaky roof, or malfunctioning air conditioner. This generally isn’t the case with condos, as the property management company employed by the CA or HOA maintains common areas and shared amenities.
Convenience comes with a price, though. Condo owners share maintenance costs, and the expense of a master insurance policy, by paying dues monthly or quarterly. It’s important to budget for these costs. HOA fees,for example, have recently been rising 10% per year. Atop those fees, special assessments can be levied if the HOA needs to pay for a major project.
Condos tend to appreciate at a slower rate than traditional single-family homes, but they cost less. So buyers may want to take both realities into consideration when deciding on house vs. condo.
Recommended: First-Time Homebuyers Guide
Condos vary widely in structure and appearance, ranging from high-rise buildings to communal developments. Take a closer look:
These are communities of standalone homes where maintenance of both the interior and exterior are carried by the condo owner, but services like the maintenance of common areas and snow removal are typically handled by a property management company.
All properties within a condo development are bound by the rules of the CA or HOA, so it’s similar to a traditional neighborhood with fixed rules and less upkeep.
These are high-rise apartments consisting of individual condo units. The maintenance of the structure, shared utilities, and common areas are the responsibility of the property management company.
If you’re looking at buying or renting an apartment in a large metropolitan area, make sure you understand what it means to choose between a condo and a co-op.
High-rise condo buildings are more common in urban areas and may have higher fees in order to cover the greater costs of maintaining an apartment building and often the salaries of full-time maintenance staff members and doormen.
Next, take a look at the pros and cons of a condo.
Here are the upsides of condo life:
• Less maintenance since the CA or HOA is responsible for many aspects of upkeep.
• Affordability. Since you don’t own the land, the price can be lower.
• Possible investment opportunity; can use a condo for rental income.
• Security. Some people appreciate having a condo staff and neighbors nearby.
• Social life. You’re part of a community and will likely know and connect with your neighbors to some extent.
• Amenities. There are often such features as gyms, pools, dog run, coworking space, party rooms, and other perks to enjoy.
Next, consider the potential downsides of a condo:
• Association rules. You have to adhere to the guidelines of the community, which may or may not suit you. This can include everything from the appearance of your home’s exterior to when and for how long you may rent your place out.
• Higher interest rates. If you are shopping for a condo to purchase, you may find that the mortgage rates are somewhat higher than what you’d be quoted if you were buying a single-family home.
• Investment risk factor. If you are buying a condo, its value could depend to some extent on other residents and how well they maintain their property.
• Lack of privacy and land. You will have neighbors…so the experience is different from being in your own single-family home on your own land. And you likely won’t have acres of property to plant and use as you wish.
• Rising costs. Your association payments can rise considerably, and assessments are possible as well. That can throw a wrench in your budget.
Recommended: Most Affordable Places to Live in the US
Whether you’re better off buying or renting a condo — or any of the other types of houses, from modular home to manufactured home, tiny house to townhouse — depends as much as your own circumstances as it does the cost of buying vs. renting in an area.
• Buying: Assuming you’ve decided to settle down in an area for the next three to five years, you might be better off buying a condo if you have a stable income stream and can cover the down payment and closing costs without emptying your emergency fund.
Given how real estate values have risen in the past few years, buying a condo may be a good choice if you’re looking for long-term investment and a chance to build home equity over time.
• Renting: You may be better off renting if there’s a chance you’ll need to relocate within the next few years, or if any upcoming life events might require you to upsize your residence, like having children.
Here’s a closer look at these scenarios.
Renting a condo gives you all of the benefits of living in a private condo unit without the long-term commitment and upfront costs.
• Few maintenance responsibilities: If you’re renting a condo unit in an apartment building, the association is responsible for maintenance, or in the case of an individually owned HVAC system, the owner is.
• More leeway for negotiation: Reliable renters are hard to come by; some condo owners may be more willing to negotiate your monthly rent than professional property managers are.
• Flexibility to end or extend your lease: As a renter, you can often decide whether to end or continue your lease. This makes it easy to cut ties if needed.
Taking out a mortgage to buy a condo more or less freezes your living costs into the future. This will help you avoid rising rents, though association fees can certainly rise.
• More affordable than single-family homes: The price of a condo is usually lower than a single-family home in a given area. This makes it attractive to homebuyers on a budget.
• Freedom to make it your own: Owning a condo gives you more freedom over such features as the appliances and color palette than you’d likely have with a rental.
• Rental potential: Depending on the rules of your association, you may have the right to rent out your condo to generate income.
If you’re ready to go out and shop for a condo, you’ll want to assemble a list of must-haves to narrow your search. This applies whether you’re looking to rent or buy.
Are you looking for a more affordable apartment condo or something with more space like a community development? Browse local listings for condo units that match your requirements.
For those seeking to buy a condo, it’s a good idea to find a real estate agent who’s well versed in condo sales. They know the area and can obtain vital info regarding association rules and financials. It’s important to review the rules and fees, and check for any special assessments and their frequency over the years.
A few more suggestions as you start your hunt:
• If you are planning to buy, it’s also a good idea to thoroughly understand mortgage basics and have financing lined up with a mortgage company so you’re ready to make a bid on a property.
• Know your budget. A mortgage calculator is an excellent tool for helping you figure out your costs.
• Consider checking this HUD site for FHA-approved condos as your primary residence if you are seeking financing with an FHA loan.
💡 Quick Tip: Keep in mind that FHA home loans are available for your primary residence only. Investment properties and vacation homes are not eligible.1
What is a condo? A condo is a privately owned unit within a community that can be a good starter home or a place to downsize. Or it might be a wise investment property that can bring in rental income. If you’re able to rent a condo, it’s much like renting an apartment, except your landlord may be the owner.
If you’re interested in buying a condo, realize that condo buyers are able to access the same kinds of loans available to buyers of single-family homes, though rates may be slightly higher.
Looking for an affordable option for a home mortgage loan? SoFi can help: We offer low down payments (as little as 3% – 5%*) with our competitive and flexible home mortgage loans. Plus, applying is extra convenient: It’s online, with access to one-on-one help.
SoFi Mortgages: simple, smart, and so affordable.
A condo can be a kind of apartment, which is a residential unit that’s part of a larger building. An apartment can be owned or rented, as can a condo. However, a condo is a specific kind of unit ownership in which there are communal facilities and shared maintenance charges.
With a condo, you own your unit but not the land under and around it. You pay for your unit (rent or mortgage). Association charges cover maintenance and repairs, and property taxes apply to owners. With a townhouse, the property includes the residence and the land it sits on and that surrounds it. You will pay your rent or mortgage and real estate taxes, but may not be part of an association or obligated to pay those fees.
Many people use the terms condo, apartment, and flat interchangeably. While an apartment and a flat are the same thing, a condo refers to a style of ownership of a dwelling unit that’s part of a community. It may be an apartment, but the way it’s bought or rented can differ.
Photo Credit: iStock/Edwin Tan
*SoFi requires Private Mortgage Insurance (PMI) for conforming home loans with a loan-to-value (LTV) ratio greater than 80%. As little as 3% down payments are for qualifying first-time homebuyers only. 5% minimum applies to other borrowers. Other loan types may require different fees or insurance (e.g., VA funding fee, FHA Mortgage Insurance Premiums, etc.). Loan requirements may vary depending on your down payment amount, and minimum down payment varies by loan type.
SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.
SoFi Mortgages
Terms, conditions, and state restrictions apply. Not all products are available in all states. See SoFi.com/eligibility for more information.
¹FHA loans are subject to unique terms and conditions established by FHA and SoFi. Ask your SoFi loan officer for details about eligibility, documentation, and other requirements. FHA loans require an Upfront Mortgage Insurance Premium (UFMIP), which may be financed or paid at closing, in addition to monthly Mortgage Insurance Premiums (MIP). Maximum loan amounts vary by county. The minimum FHA mortgage down payment is 3.5% for those who qualify financially for a primary purchase. SoFi is not affiliated with any government agency.
Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.
Tax Information: This article provides general background information only and is not intended to serve as legal or tax advice or as a substitute for legal counsel. You should consult your own attorney and/or tax advisor if you have a question requiring legal or tax advice.
External Websites: The information and analysis provided through hyperlinks to third-party websites, while believed to be accurate, cannot be guaranteed by SoFi. Links are provided for informational purposes and should not be viewed as an endorsement.
SOHL0124003
Source: sofi.com
While it is possible to take out a Federal Housing Authority (FHA) loan to purchase a second home, it’s only allowed in a handful of specific scenarios. Many first-time homebuyers choose an Federal Housing Authority (FHA) loan because of its lower credit score and down payment requirements, so when they need to purchase a second home the natural instinct is to look at financing with a second FHA loan. Read on for more details on how FHA loans work and the few exceptions that allow borrowers to qualify for more than one at a time.
An FHA loan is a type of mortgage that’s insured by the federal government and issued by a lender. FHA loans were created in 1934 at the height of the Great Depression to make homeownership more accessible. Since the FHA assumes the risk in case of default, lenders are able to offer more favorable loan terms to borrowers who might not otherwise qualify for conventional home mortgage loans.
With an FHA loan, borrowers with credit scores of 580 or more may qualify for a down payment of 3.5% of the home purchase price. (Borrowers with credit scores between 500 and 579 will be required to put 10% down.) These FHA loan requirements are helpful for first-time homebuyers who haven’t built up their credit or borrowers with less savings to put toward a down payment. FHA loans are one of several options for low-income home loans so consider all your options, whether you are thinking about taking out a first or second FHA loan.
Borrowers must also get mortgage insurance with an FHA loan. FHA mortgage insurance involves an upfront premium and an annual payment that’s added to monthly mortgage payments. The upfront premium is equivalent to 1.75% of the loan, while the annual payment is calculated based on the loan-to-value ratio and loan terms.
Besides the purchase of a home, FHA-insured loans are also available for home renovations and refinancing an existing FHA loan.
Recommended: How Do FHA 203k Loans Work?
It’s possible to get an FHA loan more than once. For instance, if you’ve sold a prior home and haven’t owned a home for three or more years, you’d qualify as a first-time homebuyer and be eligible for an FHA loan. (And if you have a conventional mortgage on your first home, you may be able to get an FHA loan for a second home provided your credit score is adequate and your budget can handle the cost of a second mortgage; you would also have to occupy the second home as your primary residence.)
Meanwhile, qualifying for a second FHA loan is more complicated. For one, the purchased property must become the primary residence for at least one borrower. This includes a requirement to occupy the property within 60 days and have it be their primary residence for at least one year. These occupancy requirements mean that an FHA loan can’t be used to buy vacation homes or rental properties.
Here are details on the exceptions that permit borrowers to get an FHA loan on a second home:
• Relocation: If moving for employment-related reasons, borrowers who financed their current home with an FHA loan may qualify for a second FHA loan on a new home before or without selling their first property. However, to qualify, the job must be performed on-site and the new home must be located at least 100 miles away from the primary residence that was previously purchased with FHA-backed financing.
• Increase in Family Size: Borrowers may qualify for a second FHA loan to purchase a larger home to accommodate their growing family. This is evaluated on a case-by-case basis but typically requires proof of an increase in legal dependents and having at least 25% equity in the home.
• Vacating a Jointly Owned Property: Borrowers who are getting divorced or permanently vacating a home they inhabited with a co-borrower may qualify for a second FHA loan.
• Cosigning: A borrower who cosigned an FHA loan but didn’t live in the property could qualify for another FHA loan to buy their own home.
Recommended: FHA Loan Mortgage Calculator
For borrowers who can satisfy one of the exceptions outlined above, the next step is meeting financial eligibility requirements for a second FHA loan. With any loan, and especially a second mortgage, lenders will consider the borrower’s ability to afford monthly payments when determining if they qualify. FHA loans can allow a debt-to-income (DTI) ratio of up to 50%, meaning that half of a borrower’s income is going to debt payments. Lenders, however, may look for a lower DTI of 43%, accounting for the cost of both mortgages, to approve a second FHA loan.
Borrowers will need to meet FHA loan credit score criteria to determine whether they’ll need to put 3.5% or 10% down. Besides the down payment, lenders also factor in savings for covering closing costs and monthly payments.
There are advantages and drawbacks to having FHA loans for borrowers to keep in mind.
Pros
• A smaller down payment
• No income limits
• Lower credit score requirements
• Can be used to purchase duplexes, triplexes, quadplexes, or condominiums
• May have lower mortgage insurance premiums than private mortgage insurance
Cons
• Loan limits of $472,030 to $1,089,300 for a single-family home, depending on the cost of living by state
• May require an inspection and higher property standards
• Can only be used for buying a primary residence
• May require mortgage insurance for the life of the loan
Consider these tips to be prepared to apply for a second FHA loan: To lower your DTI, you’ll either need to increase your income or lower your debt. Using your first home for rental income can demonstrate to lenders that you can afford having two mortgages. When evaluating debt, remember that established credit that’s in good standing is viewed more favorably than newer credit accounts.
Building more equity in the home you currently own is another option to help qualify for a second FHA loan. If possible, aim for at least 25% equity before applying for a second FHA loan, as this is the minimum required if you are citing an increase in family size as the exception.
Can you get an FHA loan if you already have an FHA loan? Yes, but there are specific exceptions you’ll need to meet in order to qualify, and the new property must be used as a primary residence for at least one year. Not able to take out two FHA loans at once? Don’t worry. There are other options for borrowing that may suit your needs.
Looking for an affordable option for a home mortgage loan? SoFi can help: We offer low down payments (as little as 3% – 5%*) with our competitive and flexible home mortgage loans. Plus, applying is extra convenient: It’s online, with access to one-on-one help.
SoFi Mortgages: simple, smart, and so affordable.
Borrowers could be disqualified from an FHA loan based on a high debt-to-income ratio, poor credit, or insufficient funds to cover the down payment, closing costs, and monthly mortgage payment.
Yes, you can get a second FHA loan if you are relocating for a new job, move at least 100 miles away, have an increase in family size, or vacate a jointly owned property. Borrowers who previously co-signed on someone else’s FHA loan may also qualify for FHA twice.
The 100-mile rule allows borrowers to get a second FHA loan without having to sell an existing property with a FHA-backed mortgage if they’re moving for employment-related reasons or buying a new primary residence that’s at least 100 miles away.
Photo credit: iStock/nazar_ab
*SoFi requires Private Mortgage Insurance (PMI) for conforming home loans with a loan-to-value (LTV) ratio greater than 80%. As little as 3% down payments are for qualifying first-time homebuyers only. 5% minimum applies to other borrowers. Other loan types may require different fees or insurance (e.g., VA funding fee, FHA Mortgage Insurance Premiums, etc.). Loan requirements may vary depending on your down payment amount, and minimum down payment varies by loan type.
¹FHA loans are subject to unique terms and conditions established by FHA and SoFi. Ask your SoFi loan officer for details about eligibility, documentation, and other requirements. FHA loans require an Upfront Mortgage Insurance Premium (UFMIP), which may be financed or paid at closing, in addition to monthly Mortgage Insurance Premiums (MIP). Maximum loan amounts vary by county. The minimum FHA mortgage down payment is 3.5% for those who qualify financially for a primary purchase. SoFi is not affiliated with any government agency.
SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.
SoFi Mortgages
Terms, conditions, and state restrictions apply. Not all products are available in all states. See SoFi.com/eligibility for more information.
Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.
Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.
SOHL1023256
Source: sofi.com
The 2023 housing market faced one of the same roadblocks we saw in 2022: mortgage rates were too high for home sales growth. Now that we’re in 2024, the Federal Reserve‘s rate hike cycle is over, so let’s look at what that means for housing demand and home prices. However, a yearly forecast has limitations and in this crazy housing and economic cycle, if people give you a yearly forecast without guidance as variables change, you’ll be dealing with stale data. Every Saturday I publish a weekly housing market tracker with forward-looking data and insights so you can adjust quickly to market conditions.
Here’s my forecast for 2024:
For 2024, the 10-year yield range will be similar to 2023, but with a few different variables to watch.
A key level to watch for the 10-year yield is 3.37%. To go below this level last year, labor would need to break, so I borrowed Gandalf the Grey’s catchphrase: “You shall not pass.” And the 10-year yield did not pass that level in 2023!
However, if the labor or economic data gets weaker, we can break through that Gandalf line, which means 2.72% on the 10-year yield is in play for 2024. This could mean sub-5% mortgage rates if the spreads get better — a win for the housing market.. If the spreads are still bad, mortgage rates will be between 5%-6%. If the 10-year yield gets above 4.25%, the U.S. economy has outperformed again, as it did in Q3 when it grew at 5% and jobless claims fell.
Here is a chart of the 10-year yield with the inflation growth rate data tied to it for 2023:
Now let’s talk about mortgage rates!
The spread between the 10-year yield and mortgage rates can get better in 2024, which means mortgage rates could be 0.625% to 1% lower next year. For example, mortgage rates would be under 6% today if the spreads were normal. Instead, they closed 2023 at 6.67%. If the spreads get anywhere back to normal and the 10-year yield gets to the lower end of the range in 2024, we can have sub-5 % mortgage rates in 2024.
With the Fed no longer in hiking mode, any economic weakness on the labor side is a better backdrop to send mortgage rates lower. Unlike 2023, this year there are more positive variables that could send mortgage rates lower rather than higher.
If everything stays constant, 2024 home-price growth levels will repeat what happened in 2023: low single-digit national home-price gains.
What could make home prices grow faster than low single digits? If I am wrong and mortgage rates go lower for longer and we don’t get more new listings in 2024, then home prices can grow faster in 2024 because we will have the same issue as before: too many people chasing too few homes.
What could make home prices decline? This would happen if we saw a surge of stressed inventory and mortgage rates didn’t go low enough to handle that much new supply into the market. We had mortgage rates in a solid range between 3.75% and 4.75% for most of the previous decade, but that hasn’t been the case recently. So, this is something to consider only if we see an increase in stressed inventory.
To give an example of what I am talking about, from 2008 to 2011, new listings data ran between 250,000 and 400,000 each week, with the peak seasonal data at 370,000 and 400,000. We haven’t had new listings data break over 90,000 in the peak seasons of 2021, 2022 or 2023. So if we do see a push in stressed new listings we have to be on it right away and see how the supply and demand equilibrium works.
However, we won’t have this conversation until we see it in the weekly data. In this episode of the HousingWire Daily podcast I explain how fast the housing dynamics shifted after Nov. 9, 2022, with prices returning to all-time highs in months. This is why weekly data is important!
When we saw mortgage rates fall from 7.375% to 5.99% early in 2023, we got one of the most significant existing home sales prints ever, going from 4 million to 4.55 million. We need lower rates to get more consistent sales growth and to have one or two monthly existing home sales prints of 4.72 million or more, it’s going to take sub-6% mortgage rates with duration.
We will track the purchase application data weekly, however, I am only focused on that 4.72 million monthly print number for 2024 because the lack of affordability with rates still this high is impacting sales.
As long as mortgage rates go lower, the builders can sell homes because they can lower mortgage rates even more than the existing home sales market and they have a pipeline of homes to sell. They have 106,000 homes that they haven’t even started construction on yet, and only 78,000 new homes have been completed and are ready to sell. They will manage their supply slowly.
Looking at the economic cycle and the housing economy, we have a similar playbook going into 2024 as we did in 2023. Let’s look at that dynamic.
I raised the final flag in my six recession red flag model on Aug. 5, 2022. However, by Nov. 9, 2022, I saw that housing market dynamics had shifted and if I was right, the builders were about to get more positive about their business. Sure enough, the builders confidence survey started to grow again going into 2023.
As mortgage rates started rising toward 8%, the builders survey started to go lower, mostly due to smaller builders feeling the pinch. Now that rates have fallen again, this is a positive for the single-family housing market. The new home sales market means more to the economy because of construction jobs and big-ticket item purchases. In contrast, the existing home sales market is more about the transfer of commission and moving trucks.
People correctly keep an eye on the builder’s survey. However, the builder survey and new home sales rebounded to growth in 2023, and now, with rates almost down 1.5% for 2024, lower rates will help the builder survey again.
This is only for the single-family housing market, not the apartment market, which is heading into a decline in activity. This is something to watch on labor, as certain builders will not need as many people to build apartments. When rates stay too high for too long, you eventually impact future production.
We will only start talking about a recession when jobless claims break over 323,000 on the four-week moving average. We won’t talk about a recession today, or next year or even this decade until that happens. The history of economics has shown us that we need the labor market to break to have a job-loss recession. If you followed my work during COVID-19, you know my critical two takes about the labor market and how household balance sheets are much better now than ever. When jobless claims break that critical level, we will have a good discussion about the economy and the housing market, just not yet.
If the economy doesn’t have a credit event where lending gets tighter, the consumer should hold up in 2024, especially with lower mortgage rates. This means the homebuilders can sell more homes and keep construction workers employed longer. Falling construction employment is a staple of all job-loss recessions, and we have avoided that so far.
For 2024, I want to stress that the economic data can turn on a dime — both positive and negative — in ways that weren’t the case in the previous decade. Following the weekly tracker will be essential for the housing market and the economy. I track this stuff daily so you don’t have to!
The existing home sales market has spent the last 18 months with sales near great recession levels. Now it’s time for the Fed to give up on its covid-era housing economic policy and be pro-housing once again. It’s time to get U.S. housing off the COVID-19 policy and get sales growing.
Source: housingwire.com
If you spent your teenage years waiting anxiously for one of your siblings to get out of the shower, the idea of selling your spacious, multi-bathroom home and moving into a smaller house or condo may feel like a reversal of fortune.
Yet for many retirees, downsizing makes financial and practical sense. Younger baby boomers — those currently ranging in age from 57 to 66 — made up 17% of recent home buyers, while older boomers — ages 67 to 75 — accounted for 12%, according to a 2022 report from the National Association of Realtors Research Group. Boomers’ primary reasons for buying a home were to be closer to friends and family, as well as a desire to move into a smaller home, the report said. Both younger and older boomers were more likely than others to purchase a home in a small town, and younger boomers were the most likely to buy in a rural area.
Save up to 74%
Profit and prosper with the best of expert advice on investing, taxes, retirement, personal finance and more – straight to your e-mail.
Profit and prosper with the best of expert advice – straight to your e-mail.
For retirees Fred and Shelby Bivins, selling their home in Green Valley, Ariz., will enable them to realize their dream of traveling in retirement. The Bivinses have put their 2,050-square-foot Arizona home on the market and plan to relocate to their 1,600-square-foot summer condo in Fish Creek, Wis., a small community about 50 miles from Green Bay. They plan to live in Wisconsin in the spring and summer and spend the winter months in a short-term rental in Arizona, where they have family.
Fred, 65, says the decision to downsize was precipitated by a two-month stay in Portugal last year, one of several countries they hope to visit while they’re still healthy enough to travel. “We’ve had Australia and New Zealand on our list for many years, even when we were working,” says Shelby, 68. The Bivinses are also considering a return visit to Portugal. Eliminating the cost of maintaining their Arizona home will free up funds for those trips.
With help from Chris Troseth, a certified financial planner based in Plano, Texas, the Bivinses plan to invest the proceeds from the sale of their home in a low-risk portfolio. Once they’re done traveling and are ready to settle down, they intend to use that money to buy a smaller home in Arizona. “Selling their primary home will generate significant funds that can be reinvested to support their lifestyle now and in the future,” Troseth says. “Downsizing for this couple will be a positive on all fronts.”
For all of its appeal, downsizing in today’s market is more complicated than it was in the past. With 30-year fixed interest rates on mortgages recently approaching 8%, many younger homeowners who might otherwise upgrade to a larger home are unwilling to sell, particularly if it means giving up a mortgage with a fixed rate of 3% or less. More than 80% of consumers surveyed in September by housing finance giant Fannie Mae said they believe this is a bad time to buy a home and cited mortgage rates as the top reason for their pessimism. “This indicates to us that many homeowners are probably not eager to give up their ‘locked-in’ lower mortgage rates anytime soon,” Fannie Mae said in a statement. As a result, buyers are competing for limited stock of smaller homes, says Hannah Jones, senior economic research analyst for Realtor.com.
Here, though, many retirees have an advantage, Jones says. Rising rates have priced many younger buyers out of the market and made it more difficult for others to obtain approval for a loan. That’s not an issue for retirees who can use proceeds from the sale of their primary home to make an all-cash offer, which is often more attractive to sellers.
Retirees also have the ability to cast a wider net than younger buyers, whose choice of homes is often dictated by their jobs or a desire to live in a well-rated school district. While the U.S. median home price has soared more than 40% since the beginning of the pandemic, prices have risen more slowly in parts of the Northeast and Midwest, Jones says. “We have seen the popularity of Midwest markets grow over the last few months because out of all of the regions, the Midwest tends to be the most affordable,” she says. “You can still find affordable homes in areas that offer a lot of amenities.”
Meanwhile, selling your home may be somewhat more challenging than it was during the height of the pandemic, when potential buyers made offers on homes that weren’t even on the market. The Mortgage Bankers Association reported in October that mortgage purchase applications slowed to the lowest level since 1995, as the rapid rise in mortgage rates has pushed many potential buyers out of the market. Sales of previously owned single-family homes fell a seasonably adjusted 2% in September from August and were down 15.4% from a year earlier, according to the National Association of Realtors. “As has been the case throughout this year, limited inventory and low housing affordability continue to hamper home sales,” NAR chief economist Lawrence Yun said in a statement.
However, because of tight inventories, there’s still demand for homes of all sizes, Jones says, so if your home is well maintained and move-in ready, you shouldn’t have difficulty selling it. “The market isn’t as red-hot as it was during the pandemic, but there’s still a lot to be gained by selling now,” she says.
If you live in an area where real estate values have soared, moving to a less expensive part of the country may seem like a logical way to lower your costs in retirement. While the median home price in the U.S. was $394,300 in September, there’s wide variation in individual markets, from $1.5 million in Santa Clara, Calif., to $237,000 in Davenport, Iowa. But before you up and move to a lower-cost locale, make sure you take inventory of your short- and long-term expenses, which could be higher than you expect.
Selling your current home, even at a significant profit, means you will incur costs, including those to update, repair and stage it, as well as a real estate agent’s commission (typically 5% to 6% of the sale price). In addition, ongoing costs for your new home will include homeowners insurance, property taxes, state and local taxes, and homeowners association or condo fees.
Nicholas Bunio, a certified financial planner in Berwyn, Pa., says one of his retired clients moved to Florida and purchased a home that was $100,000 less expensive than her home in New Jersey. Florida is also one of nine states without income tax, which makes it attractive to retirees looking to relocate. Once Bunio’s client got there, however, she discovered that she needed to spend $50,000 to install hurricane-proof windows. Worse, the only home-owners insurance she could find was through Citizens Property Insurance, the state-sponsored insurer of last resort, and she’ll pay about $8,000 a year for coverage. Her property taxes were higher than she expected, too. When it comes to lowering your cost of living after you downsize, “it’s not as simple as buying a cheaper house,” Bunio says
Before moving across the country, or even across the state, you should also research the availability of medical care. “Oftentimes, those considerations are secondary to things like proximity to family or leisure activities,” says John McGlothlin, a CFP in Austin, Texas. McGlothlin says one of his clients moved to a less expensive rural area that’s nowhere near a sizable medical facility. Although that’s not a problem now, he says, it could become a problem when they’re older.
If you use original Medicare, you won’t lose coverage if you move to another state. But if you’re enrolled in Medicare Advantage, which is offered by private insurers as an alternative to original Medicare, you may have to switch plans to avoid losing coverage. To research the availability of doctors, hospitals and nursing homes in a particular zip code, go to www.medicare.gov/care-compare.
At a time when many seniors suffer from loneliness and isolation, a sense of community matters, too. Bunio recounts the experience of a client who considered moving from Philadelphia to Phoenix after her daughter accepted a job there. The cost of living in Phoenix is lower, but the client changed her mind after visiting her daughter for a few months. “She has no friends in Phoenix,” he says. “She’s going on 61 and doesn’t want to restart life and make brand-new connections all over again.”
Unlike younger home buyers, who may be under pressure to buy a place before starting a new job or enrolling their kids in school, downsizers usually have plenty of time to consider their options and research potential downsizing destinations. Once you’ve settled on a community, consider renting for a few months to get a feel for the area and a better idea of how much it will cost to live there. Bunio says some of his clients who are behind on saving for retirement or have high health care costs have sold their homes, invested the proceeds and become permanent renters. This strategy frees them from property taxes, homeowners insurance, homeowners association fees and other expenses associated with homeownership
The boom in housing values has boosted rental costs, as the shortage of affordable housing increased demand for rental properties. But thanks to the construction of new rental properties in several markets, the market has softened in recent months, according to Zumper, an online marketplace for renters and landlords. A Zumper survey conducted in October found that the median rent for a one-bedroom apartment fell 0.4% from September, the most significant monthly decline this year.
In 75 of the 100 cities Zumper surveyed, the median rent for a one-bedroom apartment was flat or down from the previous month. (For more on the advantages of renting in retirement, see “8 Great Places to Retire—for Renters,” Aug.)
Even if you opt to age in place, you can tap your home equity by taking out a home equity line of credit, a home equity loan or a reverse mortgage. At a time when interest rates on home equity lines of credit and loans average around 9%, a reverse mortgage may be a more appealing option for retirees. With a reverse mortgage, you can convert your home equity into a lump sum, monthly payments or a line of credit. You don’t have to make principal or interest payments on the loan for as long as you remain in the home.
To be eligible for a government-insured home equity conversion mortgage (HECM), you must be at least 62 years old and have at least 50% equity in your home, and the home must be your primary residence. The maximum payout for which you’ll qualify depends on your age (the older you are, the more you’ll be eligible to borrow), interest rates and the appraised value of your home. In 2024, the maximum you could borrow was $1,149,825.
There’s no restriction on how homeowners must spend funds from a reverse mortgage, so you can use the money for a variety of purposes, including making your home more accessible, generating additional retirement income or paying for long-term care. You can estimate the value of a reverse mortgage on your home at www.reversemortgage.org/about/reverse-mortgage-calculator.
Up-front costs for a reverse mortgage are high, including up to $6,000 in fees to the lender, 2% of the mortgage amount for mortgage insurance, and other fees. You can roll these costs into the loan, but that will reduce your proceeds. For that reason, if you’re considering a move within the next five years, it’s usually not a good idea to take out a reverse mortgage.
Another drawback: When interest rates rise, the amount of money available from a reverse mortgage declines. Unless you need the money now, it may make sense to postpone taking out a reverse mortgage until the Federal Reserve cuts short-term interest rates, which is unlikely to happen until late 2024 (unless the economy falls into recession before that). Even if interest rates decline, they aren’t expected to return to the rock-bottom levels seen over the past 15 years, according to a forecast by The Kiplinger Letter. And with inflation still a concern, big rate cuts such as those seen in response to recessions and financial crises over the past two decades are unlikely.
Note: This item first appeared in Kiplinger’s Personal Finance Magazine, a monthly, trustworthy source of advice and guidance. Subscribe to help you make more money and keep more of the money you make here.
Source: kiplinger.com
An FHA loan is a mortgage insured by the Federal Housing Administration, which is part of the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development. With a minimum 3.5% down payment for borrowers with a credit score of 580 or higher, FHA loans are often a good fit for first-time home buyers or people with little savings or credit challenges.
You could still qualify for an FHA loan even if you don’t meet the requirements for a conventional mortgage or if you had a bankruptcy.
The federal government doesn’t issue FHA loans, but it does insure them. That insurance protects lenders in case of default, which is why FHA lenders are willing to offer favorable terms to borrowers who might not qualify for a conventional home loan.
FHA loans are issued by private, FHA-approved lenders, including many banks, credit unions and nonbanks (a type of lender).
An FHA home loan can be used to buy or refinance numerous types of homes, including:
Specific types of FHA loans can also be used to finance new construction or renovate an existing home. However, all properties — existing or new construction — must undergo an FHA appraisal. If the property meets government standards, then you can use an FHA loan to buy (or refinance) it.
Mortgage loans from our partners
In general, it’s easier to qualify for an FHA loan than for a conventional loan, which is a mortgage that isn’t insured or guaranteed by the federal government.
Here are some key differences between FHA and conventional loans:
Credit score and history: FHA loans allow for lower credit scores than conventional loans. If you’ve had credit problems (including bankruptcy), you might find it easier to qualify for an FHA loan.
Mortgage insurance: Unlike conventional loans, all FHA loans require mortgage insurance. (However, the amount you pay varies based on the size of your down payment.) With a conventional loan, mortgage insurance generally isn’t required if you make a 20% down payment or once you reach 20% equity in your home.
Gift funds for down payments: FHA rules are more flexible regarding monetary gifts from family, employers or charitable organizations you can apply to your down payment.
FHA appraisal: To qualify for an FHA loan, the property must undergo an appraisal to make sure it meets government standards for health and safety. An FHA appraisal is different and separate from a home inspection. Conventional loans don’t require this.
Closing costs: FHA loans may involve closing costs that aren’t required by conventional loans.
The FHA sets minimum requirements for borrowers seeking an FHA loan. However, each FHA-approved lender can determine its own underwriting standards, so long as those requirements are in line with the minimums set by the FHA. For instance, one lender may require a minimum credit score of 600 and another a minimum of 620.
Lenders each set their own interest rates and fees, too. To make sure you get the best FHA mortgage rate and loan terms, shop more than one FHA-approved lender and compare offers.
In general, here are the basic requirements to expect when applying for an FHA loan.
Mortgage loans from our partners
According to the FHA, the minimum credit score for an FHA loan is 500. If your score falls between 500 and 579, you can qualify for an FHA loan, but you’ll need to make a down payment of at least 10%.
If your credit score is 580 or higher, you can qualify for a down payment as low as 3.5%.
Again, these are FHA guidelines; individual lenders can and often do opt to require a higher minimum credit score.
🤓Nerdy Tip
If your credit score doesn’t measure up, you may want to work on building your credit before you begin home shopping. When you’re ready, find a lender that specializes in FHA loans. These lenders might be more experienced at working with credit-challenged borrowers.
Your debt-to-income ratio, or DTI, is a measure of your monthly debt payments in relation to your pretax income. That includes your rent or mortgage costs in addition to things like auto or student loans and credit card balances. In general, lenders view a lower DTI as more favorable when issuing loans.
DTI requirements for FHA loans differ based on your credit score and other compensating factors, such as how much cash you have in the bank. If you have a credit score from 500 to 579, the FHA generally requires a DTI of less than 43%.
It’s still possible to get an FHA loan with a DTI that’s higher than 50%, but you’ll have to meet compensating factors, and your options will be limited.
The minimum down payment required for an FHA loan is 3.5% if you have a credit score of 580 or higher. If you have a credit score from 500 to 579, you’ll have to put down at least 10% of the purchase price.
The good news? It doesn’t all have to come from savings. You can use gift money for your FHA down payment, so long as the donor provides a letter with their contact information, their relationship to you, the amount of the gift and a statement that no repayment is expected.
🤓Nerdy Tip
Look into state and local down payment assistance programs for first-time home buyers, usually defined as someone who has not owned a home within the past three years. You may be able to find low- or no-interest loans, or even grants, to help you pull together the cash.
The property you’re trying to buy with an FHA loan has to undergo an appraisal from an FHA-approved professional and meet FHA minimum property requirements.
The FHA appraisal is separate and different from a home inspection. The goal is to be sure the home is a good investment — in other words, worth what you’re paying for it — and ensure it meets basic safety and livability standards.
For an FHA 203(k) renovation loan, the property may undergo two appraisals: an “as is” appraisal that assesses its current state and an “after improved” appraisal estimating the value once the work is completed.
Mortgage loans from our partners
FHA mortgage insurance is built into every loan. When you first get an FHA mortgage, you’ll make an upfront mortgage insurance payment, which can be rolled into the total amount of the loan. Then, you make monthly mortgage insurance payments thereafter. The length of your monthly payments varies based on the size of your down payment.
If your down payment is less than 10%: You will pay FHA mortgage insurance for the life of the loan.
If your down payment is 10% or more: You will pay FHA mortgage insurance for 11 years.
With a conventional loan, you can cancel private mortgage insurance once you reach 20% equity in your home. FHA mortgage insurance can’t be canceled in the same way.
🤓Nerdy Tip
Once you have enough home equity, you could choose to refinance your FHA loan into a conventional loan. This would remove the FHA mortgage insurance requirement, but you’d have to meet new qualifications and pay additional closing costs and fees.
The FHA offers a variety of loan options, from standard purchase loans to products designed to meet highly specific needs. A full list of all FHA loan products and eligibility requirements is available at HUD.gov. Here are some common options:
The Basic Home Mortgage 203(b) is the standard single-family home loan backed by the FHA. Only primary residences — not vacation or second homes — qualify for FHA-insured loans.
You may want to refinance your FHA loan to lower your interest rate, shorten your mortgage term or get cash flow for a costly project, such as a home renovation. Options include:
FHA streamline refinance: This can save you time and paperwork because it doesn’t require a new appraisal.
FHA cash-out refinance: This loan replaces your current mortgage with a new, larger loan. The difference is paid to you in cash.
FHA 203(k) refinance: This loan lets you roll the cost of repairs or renovations into the total amount of your mortgage. Upgrades must meet FHA eligibility requirements.
FHA 203(k) rehabilitation mortgages: This option helps borrowers finance fixer-uppers by rolling purchase and renovation costs into one loan. The standard 203(k) loan lets borrowers finance improvements over $5,000. The FHA limited 203(k) loan lets borrowers finance improvements up to $35,000.
Title 1 Property Improvement Loans: These loans are also available to finance home repairs and improvements. Homeowners can obtain this loan without refinancing their existing mortgage, and the funds can be used to supplement a 203(k) loan. However, you can borrow only up to $25,000 for a single-family home.
Energy-efficient mortgages: An energy-efficient mortgage can be used to finance home improvements to help a home save energy. To qualify for this financing, the home must undergo an energy assessment from a qualified professional.
Construction-to-permanent loans: This loan type helps borrowers finance the purchase of a home that’s still being built by paying the contractor in installments. When the home is finished, the loan converts to a permanent mortgage. Qualifying for these types of loans can be more difficult and time-consuming than a traditional purchase mortgage.
Manufactured homes: This includes the type sometimes called a mobile home. Manufactured homes can be bought with FHA financing, so long as everything meets HUD requirements. For example, HUD mandates that a manufactured home is at least 400 square feet, and it must be designed to use as a dwelling attached to a permanent foundation.
No matter what type of FHA loan you’re seeking, there will be limits on the mortgage amount. These limits vary by county. FHA loan limits in 2024 range from $498,257 to $1,149,825.
Low-cost county limit: The upper limit for FHA loans on single-family homes in low-cost counties is $498,257. An example is Lucas County, Ohio, where Toledo is located.
High-cost county limit: The upper limit for FHA loans in the highest-cost counties is $1,149,825, which would include mortgages in San Francisco County, California, for example.
Some counties have housing prices that fall somewhere in between, so the FHA loan limits are in the middle, too. An example is Denver County, Colorado, where the 2024 FHA loan limit is $816,500. You can visit HUD’s website to look up the FHA loan limit in any county.
Applying for an FHA loan will require personal and financial documents, including but not limited to:
A valid Social Security number.
Bank statements for, at a minimum, the past 30 days. You’ll also need to provide documentation for deposits made during that time, such as pay stubs.
Your lender may be able to automatically retrieve some required documentation, like credit reports, tax returns and employment records. Special circumstances — such as if you’re a student or you don’t have a credit score — may require additional paperwork.
An FHA loan might be your best option for homebuying if you have credit challenges. Still, it’s important to understand the trade-offs.
Lower minimum credit score requirements than conventional loans.
Down payments as low as 3.5%.
Debt-to-income ratios as high as 50% allowed (in some cases, may be higher if you meet compensating factors).
FHA mortgage insurance lasts the full term of the loan with a down payment of less than 10%.
Property must undergo a separate appraisal and meet strict health and safety standards, which some sellers will consider an added hurdle.
No jumbo loans: The loan amount cannot exceed the conforming limit for the area.
Though the FHA sets standard requirements, FHA-approved lenders’ requirements may be different.
FHA interest rates and fees also vary by lender, so it’s important to comparison shop. Getting a mortgage preapproval from more than one lender can help you compare the total cost of the loan.
When you’re shopping for an FHA loan, it’s smart to make sure your financials are in as good a shape as possible. This means pulling your credit reports from the three main credit reporting agencies — Experian, Equifax and TransUnion — and addressing any errors you might find. If possible, you might also pay down any larger balances, which has the added benefit of improving your debt-to-income ratio. While FHA loans might have more lenient requirements than some other loan types, having a better credit score and DTI will likely net you a better rate.
FHA loans are notable for requiring low down payments, but if you’re able to make one that’s higher than the minimum, you’ll look like a safer candidate to lenders. This is also likely to get you lower rate offers.
Once you feel confident about your application, compare mortgage rates between at least three FHA lenders. Even small differences in the rate you pay could save you — or cost you — thousands of dollars over the term of a home loan. And while you’re comparing lenders, look into first-time home buyer programs offered by your state’s housing authority. Many of these nonprofit agencies offer down payment and closing cost assistance in the form of grants.
Mortgage loans from our partners
Source: nerdwallet.com
Walk past the street-facing 1990s duplex and beyond a 1920s Sears Roebuck kit bungalow, and an accessory dwelling unit, or ADU, rises before you at the end of the property. It’s a slim, two-story rental clad in inexpensive white vertical corrugated metal.
Only then do you realize this single Venice lot has four rental units.
With Southern California in desperate need of housing and state and federal laws constantly evolving to make permitting ADUs easier, the detached home by architects Todd Lynch and Mohamed Sharif of Sharif, Lynch: Architecture feels like a harbinger of what’s to come.
“When the city encouraged us to increase housing, I thought of the Venice property,” said owner Ricki Alon, who had previously worked with the architects and builder Moshon Elgrably on another project. “Given the unique site constraints, I didn’t believe they could do it. I was worried it would be too crowded and negatively affect the small guest house.”
Alon was hesitant at first, but after a persuasive Zoom call with the architects, they all agreed that a fourth unit would add value to the bustling community.
“We viewed it as a challenge and a way to transcend ADUs in an SB9 world,” Sharif said, referring to Senate Bill 9, the 2022 state law that allows homeowners to convert their homes into duplexes on a single-family parcel or divide the lot in half to build another duplex for no more than four units.
Alon loved their initial sketches despite her skepticism, and the project moved ahead.
“We decided to go as high as possible,” Sharif said of the eventual design, a slim, two-story ADU built on what was previously a driveway. Slipped into the lot, the 1,200-square-foot ADU, or IDU as the architects like to refer to the infill dwelling unit, was built an inch from the 1920s bungalow, five feet from the duplex and four feet from the property line.
Resting a few feet from a dingbat apartment to the south, the ADU is lifted off the ground to preserve two parking spots in the alley and a swimming pool in front. “Its entire width is dictated by that two-car side-by-side dimension,” said Sharif, who teaches in the undergraduate and graduate design studios at UCLA. Lifting the volume to preserve the pool also created shade and an open space that all residents could share.
“They refused to get rid of it,” Alon said of the water feature. “They insisted on building around it.” Today she admits it was the right decision. “Now, when you walk in, you experience a wonderful, absolutely lovely environment. I’m glad they did not listen to me,” she added with a laugh.
The narrow living room, seen from the staircase, and the first-floor office and en-suite bathroom. (Jason Armond / Los Angeles Times)
Even though you can’t see the rental from the street, the ADU has enormous curb appeal and a touch of glamour. A Midcentury-style Sputnik pendant light hangs outside the front door, giving it an elegant feel, and the white cladding gives it a distinctive quality from the other rentals, which are clad in orange metal and gray siding.
Up a short flight of stairs, the front door opens to the ground floor and the two-story entry, which features a compact first-floor bedroom, study and en-suite bathroom.
“We wanted every room to have a bathroom to suit roommates,” Sharif said.
Tenant Henry Schober III, a 38-year-old attorney specializing in data privacy, uses the ground floor as his office and a bedroom for out-of-town guests.
“It’s a place that I’m comfortable spending a workday in,” said Schober, who goes to the office once or twice a week. “I don’t feel like I’m trapped in my house.”
Tenant Henry Schober III takes advantage of the ADU’s rooftop deck, which offers panoramic views of Venice. (Jason Armond / Los Angeles Times)
Up the stairs to the second floor, the main living area and kitchen measure just 13 feet wide; large windows and operable skylights add light and cross-ventilation throughout the linear floor plan.
“The windows make you feel like you’re in an amazing penthouse in SoHo,” Alon said. “It gives the room a great energy.”
The rest of the second floor houses a powder room, bathroom and bedroom. Because of limited space, there was no room for a formal dining room. However, Schober said that’s easier to maneuver than the limited storage, which has taught him to think differently about how he stores and displays things.
“I eat at the long breakfast bar, and when I have people over, I use the common space or the roof deck,” he said.
The home’s two floors feel like three, Lynch said, “because of the way the stairway draws one upward through the IDU and then because of how the roof steps up again.”
The roof deck serves as another outdoor room, further expanding the living space. From the rooftop deck, Schober has panoramic views of Venice, not to mention ample room for a dining table, barbecue and sauna.
After renting an apartment temporarily a few blocks from the beach, Schober was still determining whether he wanted to rent another apartment in Venice.
“It originally turned me off to Venice,” he said. “The price points were so high. It felt like people were paying for the ZIP Code. Landlords were asking five grand for an apartment next to a parking lot.”
But when he saw the two-bedroom ADU, he changed his mind. “When I walked in, I thought, ‘I’m going to live here,’” said Schober, who is originally from Philadelphia and moved to Los Angeles from Switzerland.
“The apartment and the secluded feel changed my attitude,” Schober said. “You get the convenience of Venice and access to all the restaurants and shops, but you’re not in the thick of things. I lived in San Francisco for a decade, Europe for six years. I view the apartment as an oasis in a neighborhood that is not as transformed as others.”
Schober said the strength of the architects’ vision is that the unit is quietly tucked away in a congested neighborhood. “Since you are set back from the street, there is no foot traffic,” he added. “It doesn’t feel like I am living among a bunch of units. There is little street noise, and you would never know you live a stone’s throw from Lincoln Boulevard.”
Perhaps most impressive, the ADU defies the notion that you can’t have parking, privacy and quality of living, including a swimming pool, on a tight infill lot with other properties.
In a sense, Schober said, “It seems the solution to the housing crisis is building up.”
“There is a community feeling, and people know each other,” Sharif said. “They sit around the pool, and it’s very intimate and private.”
After a 10-month building process, the team completed the project this spring at a cost of approximately $410 per square foot.
Looking back, Alon is grateful that she moved forward with the project.
“It’s not just a unit that brings value to the property,” she said. “It enhances the entire property for everyone. Adding housing in this condensed community is important, but this team made it something beautiful that people will enjoy. You don’t have to add a huge amount of square footage to add quality of living.”
Source: latimes.com